Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination
BackgroundPre-existing cross-reactive immunity among different coronaviruses, also termed immune imprinting, may have a comprehensive impact on subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness. Here, we aim to explore the interplay between pre-existing seasonal coronaviruses (s...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195533/full |
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| author | Di Yin Di Yin Zirong Han Zirong Han Bing Lang Bing Lang Yanjun Li Guoqin Mai Guoqin Mai Hongbiao Chen Liqiang Feng Yao-qing Chen Yao-qing Chen Huanle Luo Huanle Luo Yaming Xiong Lin Jing Xiangjun Du Xiangjun Du Xiangjun Du Yuelong Shu Yuelong Shu Yuelong Shu Caijun Sun Caijun Sun Caijun Sun |
| author_facet | Di Yin Di Yin Zirong Han Zirong Han Bing Lang Bing Lang Yanjun Li Guoqin Mai Guoqin Mai Hongbiao Chen Liqiang Feng Yao-qing Chen Yao-qing Chen Huanle Luo Huanle Luo Yaming Xiong Lin Jing Xiangjun Du Xiangjun Du Xiangjun Du Yuelong Shu Yuelong Shu Yuelong Shu Caijun Sun Caijun Sun Caijun Sun |
| author_sort | Di Yin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundPre-existing cross-reactive immunity among different coronaviruses, also termed immune imprinting, may have a comprehensive impact on subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness. Here, we aim to explore the interplay between pre-existing seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) antibodies and the humoral immunity induced by COVID-19 vaccination.MethodsWe first collected serum samples from healthy donors prior to COVID-19 pandemic and individuals who had received COVID-19 vaccination post-pandemic in China, and the levels of IgG antibodies against sCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 were detected by ELISA. Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test were used to compare the difference in magnitude and seropositivity rate between two groups. Then, we recruited a longitudinal cohort to collect serum samples before and after COVID-19 vaccination. The levels of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S, S1, S2 and N antigen were monitored. Association between pre-existing sCoVs antibody and COVID-19 vaccination-induced antibodies were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation.Results96.0% samples (339/353) showed the presence of IgG antibodies against at least one subtype of sCoVs. 229E and OC43 exhibited the highest seroprevalence rates at 78.5% and 72.0%, respectively, followed by NL63 (60.9%) and HKU1 (52.4%). The levels of IgG antibodies against two β coronaviruses (OC43 and HKU1) were significantly higher in these donors who had inoculated with COVID-19 vaccines compared to pre-pandemic healthy donors. However, we found that COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody levels were not significant different between two groups with high levelor low level of pre-existing sCoVs antibody among the longitudinal cohort.ConclusionWe found a high prevalence of antibodies against sCoVs in Chinese population. The immune imprinting by sCoVs could be reactivated by COVID-19 vaccination, but it did not appear to be a major factor affecting the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccine. These findings will provide insights into understanding the impact of immune imprinting on subsequent multiple shots of COVID-19 vaccines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:31:20Z |
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| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T14:31:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f7f1f97777442b38f34b0c3bdd5eae92023-08-17T12:42:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-08-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11955331195533Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccinationDi Yin0Di Yin1Zirong Han2Zirong Han3Bing Lang4Bing Lang5Yanjun Li6Guoqin Mai7Guoqin Mai8Hongbiao Chen9Liqiang Feng10Yao-qing Chen11Yao-qing Chen12Huanle Luo13Huanle Luo14Yaming Xiong15Lin Jing16Xiangjun Du17Xiangjun Du18Xiangjun Du19Yuelong Shu20Yuelong Shu21Yuelong Shu22Caijun Sun23Caijun Sun24Caijun Sun25School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaEmergency Manage Department, Foshan, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease Control, Shenzhen, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Clinical Medicine, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, ChinaInstitute of Clinical Medicine, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaNational Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, ChinaSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, ChinaBackgroundPre-existing cross-reactive immunity among different coronaviruses, also termed immune imprinting, may have a comprehensive impact on subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness. Here, we aim to explore the interplay between pre-existing seasonal coronaviruses (sCoVs) antibodies and the humoral immunity induced by COVID-19 vaccination.MethodsWe first collected serum samples from healthy donors prior to COVID-19 pandemic and individuals who had received COVID-19 vaccination post-pandemic in China, and the levels of IgG antibodies against sCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 were detected by ELISA. Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test were used to compare the difference in magnitude and seropositivity rate between two groups. Then, we recruited a longitudinal cohort to collect serum samples before and after COVID-19 vaccination. The levels of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S, S1, S2 and N antigen were monitored. Association between pre-existing sCoVs antibody and COVID-19 vaccination-induced antibodies were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation.Results96.0% samples (339/353) showed the presence of IgG antibodies against at least one subtype of sCoVs. 229E and OC43 exhibited the highest seroprevalence rates at 78.5% and 72.0%, respectively, followed by NL63 (60.9%) and HKU1 (52.4%). The levels of IgG antibodies against two β coronaviruses (OC43 and HKU1) were significantly higher in these donors who had inoculated with COVID-19 vaccines compared to pre-pandemic healthy donors. However, we found that COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody levels were not significant different between two groups with high levelor low level of pre-existing sCoVs antibody among the longitudinal cohort.ConclusionWe found a high prevalence of antibodies against sCoVs in Chinese population. The immune imprinting by sCoVs could be reactivated by COVID-19 vaccination, but it did not appear to be a major factor affecting the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccine. These findings will provide insights into understanding the impact of immune imprinting on subsequent multiple shots of COVID-19 vaccines.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195533/fullSARS-CoV-2seasonal coronavirusimmune imprintingCOVID-19 vaccinationpre-existing immunity |
| spellingShingle | Di Yin Di Yin Zirong Han Zirong Han Bing Lang Bing Lang Yanjun Li Guoqin Mai Guoqin Mai Hongbiao Chen Liqiang Feng Yao-qing Chen Yao-qing Chen Huanle Luo Huanle Luo Yaming Xiong Lin Jing Xiangjun Du Xiangjun Du Xiangjun Du Yuelong Shu Yuelong Shu Yuelong Shu Caijun Sun Caijun Sun Caijun Sun Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination Frontiers in Immunology SARS-CoV-2 seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting COVID-19 vaccination pre-existing immunity |
| title | Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination |
| title_full | Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination |
| title_fullStr | Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination |
| title_short | Effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated COVID-19 vaccination |
| title_sort | effect of seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting on the immunogenicity of inactivated covid 19 vaccination |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 seasonal coronavirus immune imprinting COVID-19 vaccination pre-existing immunity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1195533/full |
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