Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation
Different parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L. and their green synthesized eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were screened for their cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity. Results showed that flower extract AgNPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity compared to the normal form against...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| author | Amgad I. M. Khedr Abdelaziz F. S. Farrag Ali M. Nasr Shady A. Swidan Mohamed S. Nafie Maged S. Abdel-Kader Marwa S. Goda Jihan M. Badr Reda F. A. Abdelhameed |
| author_facet | Amgad I. M. Khedr Abdelaziz F. S. Farrag Ali M. Nasr Shady A. Swidan Mohamed S. Nafie Maged S. Abdel-Kader Marwa S. Goda Jihan M. Badr Reda F. A. Abdelhameed |
| author_sort | Amgad I. M. Khedr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Different parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L. and their green synthesized eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were screened for their cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity. Results showed that flower extract AgNPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity compared to the normal form against PC-3 and A549 cell lines with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 2.47 μg/mL and 1.35 μg/mL, respectively. The results were compared to doxorubicin (IC<sub>50</sub> = 5.13 and 6.19 μg/mL, respectively). For apoptosis-induction, AgNPs prepared from the flower extract induced cell death by apoptosis by 41.34-fold change and induced necrotic cell death by 10.2-fold. Additionally, they induced total prostate apoptotic cell death by a 16.18-fold change, and it slightly induced necrotic cell death by 2.7-fold. Hence, green synthesized flower extract AgNPs exhibited cytotoxicity in A549 and PC-3 through apoptosis-induction in both cells. Consequently, synthesized AgNPs were further tested for apoptosis and increased gene and protein expression of pro-apoptotic markers while decreasing expression of anti-apoptotic genes. As a result, this formula may serve as a promising source for anti-cancer candidates. Finally, liquid chromatography combined with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis was assessed to identify the common bioactive metabolites in crude extracts of stem, flower, and bract. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:34:35Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:34:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f88603baefb4ef7a5e0e9a5ec5a43fe2023-11-24T01:57:45ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232022-10-011410218510.3390/pharmaceutics14102185Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic InvestigationAmgad I. M. Khedr0Abdelaziz F. S. Farrag1Ali M. Nasr2Shady A. Swidan3Mohamed S. Nafie4Maged S. Abdel-Kader5Marwa S. Goda6Jihan M. Badr7Reda F. A. Abdelhameed8Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, EgyptDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, EgyptDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, EgyptDifferent parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L. and their green synthesized eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were screened for their cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity. Results showed that flower extract AgNPs exhibited more potent cytotoxicity compared to the normal form against PC-3 and A549 cell lines with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 2.47 μg/mL and 1.35 μg/mL, respectively. The results were compared to doxorubicin (IC<sub>50</sub> = 5.13 and 6.19 μg/mL, respectively). For apoptosis-induction, AgNPs prepared from the flower extract induced cell death by apoptosis by 41.34-fold change and induced necrotic cell death by 10.2-fold. Additionally, they induced total prostate apoptotic cell death by a 16.18-fold change, and it slightly induced necrotic cell death by 2.7-fold. Hence, green synthesized flower extract AgNPs exhibited cytotoxicity in A549 and PC-3 through apoptosis-induction in both cells. Consequently, synthesized AgNPs were further tested for apoptosis and increased gene and protein expression of pro-apoptotic markers while decreasing expression of anti-apoptotic genes. As a result, this formula may serve as a promising source for anti-cancer candidates. Finally, liquid chromatography combined with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis was assessed to identify the common bioactive metabolites in crude extracts of stem, flower, and bract.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/10/2185<i>Cynara scolymus L.</i>biomedical implementationscytotoxicgreen synthesissilver nanoparticles. |
| spellingShingle | Amgad I. M. Khedr Abdelaziz F. S. Farrag Ali M. Nasr Shady A. Swidan Mohamed S. Nafie Maged S. Abdel-Kader Marwa S. Goda Jihan M. Badr Reda F. A. Abdelhameed Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation Pharmaceutics <i>Cynara scolymus L.</i> biomedical implementations cytotoxic green synthesis silver nanoparticles. |
| title | Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation |
| title_full | Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation |
| title_short | Comparative Estimation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Different Parts of <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.: Crude Extracts versus Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles with Apoptotic Investigation |
| title_sort | comparative estimation of the cytotoxic activity of different parts of i cynara scolymus i l crude extracts versus green synthesized silver nanoparticles with apoptotic investigation |
| topic | <i>Cynara scolymus L.</i> biomedical implementations cytotoxic green synthesis silver nanoparticles. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/10/2185 |
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