The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is currently one of the common causes of vision loss in working-age adults. It is clinically diagnosed and classified according to the vascular changes in the fundus. However, the activation of immune cells occurs before these vascular changes become detectable. These, toge...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/21/6499 |
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| author | Mengting Xue Xiying Mao Mingkang Chen Wenjie Yin Songtao Yuan Qinghuai Liu |
| author_facet | Mengting Xue Xiying Mao Mingkang Chen Wenjie Yin Songtao Yuan Qinghuai Liu |
| author_sort | Mengting Xue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is currently one of the common causes of vision loss in working-age adults. It is clinically diagnosed and classified according to the vascular changes in the fundus. However, the activation of immune cells occurs before these vascular changes become detectable. These, together with molecular studies and the positive clinical outcomes of anti-inflammatory treatment, highlight the pivotal involvement of the immune system. The role of innate immunity in DR pathophysiology has been studied in depth, but the contribution of adaptive immunity remains largely elusive. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the activation mechanism of adaptive immunity in DR microenvironments and to discuss the relationship between adaptive immunity and local vascular units or innate immunity, which opens new avenues for clinical applications in DR treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:57:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f96e617febf45f48216e1c52edc5116 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:57:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f96e617febf45f48216e1c52edc51162023-11-24T05:18:41ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-11-011121649910.3390/jcm11216499The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic RetinopathyMengting Xue0Xiying Mao1Mingkang Chen2Wenjie Yin3Songtao Yuan4Qinghuai Liu5Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, ChinaDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is currently one of the common causes of vision loss in working-age adults. It is clinically diagnosed and classified according to the vascular changes in the fundus. However, the activation of immune cells occurs before these vascular changes become detectable. These, together with molecular studies and the positive clinical outcomes of anti-inflammatory treatment, highlight the pivotal involvement of the immune system. The role of innate immunity in DR pathophysiology has been studied in depth, but the contribution of adaptive immunity remains largely elusive. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the activation mechanism of adaptive immunity in DR microenvironments and to discuss the relationship between adaptive immunity and local vascular units or innate immunity, which opens new avenues for clinical applications in DR treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/21/6499adaptive immunitydiabetic retinopathylymphocyte |
| spellingShingle | Mengting Xue Xiying Mao Mingkang Chen Wenjie Yin Songtao Yuan Qinghuai Liu The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic Retinopathy Journal of Clinical Medicine adaptive immunity diabetic retinopathy lymphocyte |
| title | The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_full | The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_short | The Role of Adaptive Immunity in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_sort | role of adaptive immunity in diabetic retinopathy |
| topic | adaptive immunity diabetic retinopathy lymphocyte |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/21/6499 |
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