Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology
Abstract Identification of unknown cadavers is an important task for forensic scientists. Forensic scientists attempt to identify skeletal remains based on factors including age, sex, and dental treatment remains. Forensic scientists commonly consider skull or pelvic shape to evaluate the sex; howev...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48363-3 |
| _version_ | 1797415325765992448 |
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| author | Hiroki Kondou Rina Morohashi Satoko Kimura Nozomi Idota Ryota Matsunari Hiroaki Ichioka Risa Bandou Masataka Kawamoto Deng Ting Hiroshi Ikegaya |
| author_facet | Hiroki Kondou Rina Morohashi Satoko Kimura Nozomi Idota Ryota Matsunari Hiroaki Ichioka Risa Bandou Masataka Kawamoto Deng Ting Hiroshi Ikegaya |
| author_sort | Hiroki Kondou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Identification of unknown cadavers is an important task for forensic scientists. Forensic scientists attempt to identify skeletal remains based on factors including age, sex, and dental treatment remains. Forensic scientists commonly consider skull or pelvic shape to evaluate the sex; however, these evaluations require sufficient experience and knowledge and lack objectivity and reproducibility. To ensure objectivity and reproducibility for sex evaluation, we applied a gated attention-based multiple-instance learning model to three-dimensional (3D) skull images reconstructed from postmortem head computed tomography scans. We preprocessed the images, trained with 864 training data, validated the model with 124 validation data, and evaluated the performance of our model in terms of accuracy with 246 test data. Furthermore, three forensic scientists evaluated the 3D skull images, and their performances were compared with those of the model. Our model showed an accuracy of 0.93, which was higher than that of the forensic scientists. Our model primarily focused on the entire skull owing to visualization but focused less on the areas often investigated by forensic scientists. In summary, our model may serve as a supportive tool to identify cadaver sex based on skull shape. Further studies are required to improve the model’s performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f9fa0d228ee4c338e5601a77f409d90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f9fa0d228ee4c338e5601a77f409d902023-12-03T12:20:51ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-11-0113111210.1038/s41598-023-48363-3Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphologyHiroki Kondou0Rina Morohashi1Satoko Kimura2Nozomi Idota3Ryota Matsunari4Hiroaki Ichioka5Risa Bandou6Masataka Kawamoto7Deng Ting8Hiroshi Ikegaya9Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineAbstract Identification of unknown cadavers is an important task for forensic scientists. Forensic scientists attempt to identify skeletal remains based on factors including age, sex, and dental treatment remains. Forensic scientists commonly consider skull or pelvic shape to evaluate the sex; however, these evaluations require sufficient experience and knowledge and lack objectivity and reproducibility. To ensure objectivity and reproducibility for sex evaluation, we applied a gated attention-based multiple-instance learning model to three-dimensional (3D) skull images reconstructed from postmortem head computed tomography scans. We preprocessed the images, trained with 864 training data, validated the model with 124 validation data, and evaluated the performance of our model in terms of accuracy with 246 test data. Furthermore, three forensic scientists evaluated the 3D skull images, and their performances were compared with those of the model. Our model showed an accuracy of 0.93, which was higher than that of the forensic scientists. Our model primarily focused on the entire skull owing to visualization but focused less on the areas often investigated by forensic scientists. In summary, our model may serve as a supportive tool to identify cadaver sex based on skull shape. Further studies are required to improve the model’s performance.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48363-3 |
| spellingShingle | Hiroki Kondou Rina Morohashi Satoko Kimura Nozomi Idota Ryota Matsunari Hiroaki Ichioka Risa Bandou Masataka Kawamoto Deng Ting Hiroshi Ikegaya Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology Scientific Reports |
| title | Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology |
| title_full | Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology |
| title_fullStr | Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology |
| title_short | Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology |
| title_sort | artificial intelligence based forensic sex determination of east asian cadavers from skull morphology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48363-3 |
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