Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis
Abstract Bronchiectasis is a disease associated with chronic progressive and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi and is characterised by chronic infection and associated inflammation. The prevalence of bronchiectasis is age-related and there is some geographical variation in incidence, prevalence...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12890-018-0638-0 |
| _version_ | 1811192527258124288 |
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| author | Ravishankar Chandrasekaran Micheál Mac Aogáin James D. Chalmers Stuart J. Elborn Sanjay H. Chotirmall |
| author_facet | Ravishankar Chandrasekaran Micheál Mac Aogáin James D. Chalmers Stuart J. Elborn Sanjay H. Chotirmall |
| author_sort | Ravishankar Chandrasekaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Bronchiectasis is a disease associated with chronic progressive and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi and is characterised by chronic infection and associated inflammation. The prevalence of bronchiectasis is age-related and there is some geographical variation in incidence, prevalence and clinical features. Most bronchiectasis is reported to be idiopathic however post-infectious aetiologies dominate across Asia especially secondary to tuberculosis. Most focus to date has been on the study of airway bacteria, both as colonisers and causes of exacerbations. Modern molecular technologies including next generation sequencing (NGS) have become invaluable tools to identify microorganisms directly from sputum and which are difficult to culture using traditional agar based methods. These have provided important insight into our understanding of emerging pathogens in the airways of people with bronchiectasis and the geographical differences that occur. The contribution of the lung microbiome, its ethnic variation, and subsequent roles in disease progression and response to therapy across geographic regions warrant further investigation. This review summarises the known geographical differences in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis. Further, we highlight the opportunities offered by emerging molecular technologies such as -omics to further dissect out important ethnic differences in the prognosis and management of bronchiectasis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:54:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5faf6142a2794db58b34514b9b9f799d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2466 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T23:54:03Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-5faf6142a2794db58b34514b9b9f799d2022-12-22T03:56:24ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662018-05-0118111410.1186/s12890-018-0638-0Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasisRavishankar Chandrasekaran0Micheál Mac Aogáin1James D. Chalmers2Stuart J. Elborn3Sanjay H. Chotirmall4Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityLee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityDivision of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical SchoolImperial College and Royal Brompton HospitalLee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological UniversityAbstract Bronchiectasis is a disease associated with chronic progressive and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi and is characterised by chronic infection and associated inflammation. The prevalence of bronchiectasis is age-related and there is some geographical variation in incidence, prevalence and clinical features. Most bronchiectasis is reported to be idiopathic however post-infectious aetiologies dominate across Asia especially secondary to tuberculosis. Most focus to date has been on the study of airway bacteria, both as colonisers and causes of exacerbations. Modern molecular technologies including next generation sequencing (NGS) have become invaluable tools to identify microorganisms directly from sputum and which are difficult to culture using traditional agar based methods. These have provided important insight into our understanding of emerging pathogens in the airways of people with bronchiectasis and the geographical differences that occur. The contribution of the lung microbiome, its ethnic variation, and subsequent roles in disease progression and response to therapy across geographic regions warrant further investigation. This review summarises the known geographical differences in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis. Further, we highlight the opportunities offered by emerging molecular technologies such as -omics to further dissect out important ethnic differences in the prognosis and management of bronchiectasis.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12890-018-0638-0BronchiectasisMicrobiomeMycobiomePseudomonas aeruginosaFungiAspergillus spp. |
| spellingShingle | Ravishankar Chandrasekaran Micheál Mac Aogáin James D. Chalmers Stuart J. Elborn Sanjay H. Chotirmall Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis BMC Pulmonary Medicine Bronchiectasis Microbiome Mycobiome Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fungi Aspergillus spp. |
| title | Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis |
| title_full | Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis |
| title_fullStr | Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis |
| title_short | Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis |
| title_sort | geographic variation in the aetiology epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis |
| topic | Bronchiectasis Microbiome Mycobiome Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fungi Aspergillus spp. |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12890-018-0638-0 |
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