Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate
Thin‐film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising platform for optical communications, microwave photonics, and quantum technologies. While many high‐performance devices like electro‐optic modulators and frequency comb sources have been achieved on LNOI platform, it remains challenging to...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Wiley-VCH
2023-07-01
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Series: | Advanced Photonics Research |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.202300045 |
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author | Sha Zhu Yiwen Zhang Yi Ren Yongji Wang Kunpeng Zhai Hanke Feng Ya Jin Zezhou Lin Jiaxue Feng Siyuan Li Qi Yang Ning Hua Zhu Edwin Yue-Bun Pun Cheng Wang |
author_facet | Sha Zhu Yiwen Zhang Yi Ren Yongji Wang Kunpeng Zhai Hanke Feng Ya Jin Zezhou Lin Jiaxue Feng Siyuan Li Qi Yang Ning Hua Zhu Edwin Yue-Bun Pun Cheng Wang |
author_sort | Sha Zhu |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Thin‐film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising platform for optical communications, microwave photonics, and quantum technologies. While many high‐performance devices like electro‐optic modulators and frequency comb sources have been achieved on LNOI platform, it remains challenging to realize photodetectors (PDs) on LNOI platform using simple and low‐cost fabrication techniques. 2D materials are excellent candidates to achieve photodetection since they feature strong light‐matter interaction, excellent mechanical flexibility, and potential large‐scale complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor‐compatible fabrication. Herein, this demand is addressed using an LNOI‐2D material platform, and two types of high‐performance LNOI waveguide‐integrated 2D material PDs, namely graphene and tellurium (Te), are addressed. Specifically, the LNOI‐graphene PDs feature broadband operations at telecom and visible wavelengths, high normalized photocurrent‐to‐dark current ratios up to 3 × 106 W−1, and large 3‐dB photoelectric bandwidths of ≈40 GHz, simultaneously. The LNOI‐Te PDs on the other hand provide ultrahigh responsivities of 7 A W−1 under 0.5 V bias for telecom signals while supporting GHz frequency responses. The results show that the versatile properties of 2D materials and their excellent compatibility with LNOI waveguides could provide important low‐cost solutions for system operating point monitoring and high‐speed photoelectric conversion in future LNOI photonic integrated circuits. |
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institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2699-9293 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-13T00:55:09Z |
publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
publisher | Wiley-VCH |
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series | Advanced Photonics Research |
spelling | doaj.art-5fb0161c8a664132ab9219227384fe782023-07-07T02:09:13ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Photonics Research2699-92932023-07-0147n/an/a10.1002/adpr.202300045Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium NiobateSha Zhu0Yiwen Zhang1Yi Ren2Yongji Wang3Kunpeng Zhai4Hanke Feng5Ya Jin6Zezhou Lin7Jiaxue Feng8Siyuan Li9Qi Yang10Ning Hua Zhu11Edwin Yue-Bun Pun12Cheng Wang13College of Microelectronics Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 ChinaDepartment of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 ChinaDepartment of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 ChinaDepartment of Applied Physics and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong 999077 ChinaCollege of Microelectronics Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 ChinaDepartment of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 ChinaDepartment of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 ChinaState Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100083 ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 ChinaDepartment of Electrical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 ChinaThin‐film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) is a promising platform for optical communications, microwave photonics, and quantum technologies. While many high‐performance devices like electro‐optic modulators and frequency comb sources have been achieved on LNOI platform, it remains challenging to realize photodetectors (PDs) on LNOI platform using simple and low‐cost fabrication techniques. 2D materials are excellent candidates to achieve photodetection since they feature strong light‐matter interaction, excellent mechanical flexibility, and potential large‐scale complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor‐compatible fabrication. Herein, this demand is addressed using an LNOI‐2D material platform, and two types of high‐performance LNOI waveguide‐integrated 2D material PDs, namely graphene and tellurium (Te), are addressed. Specifically, the LNOI‐graphene PDs feature broadband operations at telecom and visible wavelengths, high normalized photocurrent‐to‐dark current ratios up to 3 × 106 W−1, and large 3‐dB photoelectric bandwidths of ≈40 GHz, simultaneously. The LNOI‐Te PDs on the other hand provide ultrahigh responsivities of 7 A W−1 under 0.5 V bias for telecom signals while supporting GHz frequency responses. The results show that the versatile properties of 2D materials and their excellent compatibility with LNOI waveguides could provide important low‐cost solutions for system operating point monitoring and high‐speed photoelectric conversion in future LNOI photonic integrated circuits.https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.2023000452D materialsgraphenephotodetectortelluriumthin-film lithium niobate |
spellingShingle | Sha Zhu Yiwen Zhang Yi Ren Yongji Wang Kunpeng Zhai Hanke Feng Ya Jin Zezhou Lin Jiaxue Feng Siyuan Li Qi Yang Ning Hua Zhu Edwin Yue-Bun Pun Cheng Wang Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate Advanced Photonics Research 2D materials graphene photodetector tellurium thin-film lithium niobate |
title | Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate |
title_full | Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate |
title_fullStr | Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate |
title_full_unstemmed | Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate |
title_short | Waveguide‐Integrated Two‐Dimensional Material Photodetectors in Thin‐Film Lithium Niobate |
title_sort | waveguide integrated two dimensional material photodetectors in thin film lithium niobate |
topic | 2D materials graphene photodetector tellurium thin-film lithium niobate |
url | https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.202300045 |
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