Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in Latvia
Infectious bursal disease virus is an immunosuppressive pathogen that, despite applied vaccination, is affecting the poultry industry worldwide. This report presents the genetic and pathotypic characterization of a natural reassortant emerging in Europe (Latvia). Genetic characterization showed that...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1081 |
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| author | Anna Pikuła Anna Lisowska |
| author_facet | Anna Pikuła Anna Lisowska |
| author_sort | Anna Pikuła |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infectious bursal disease virus is an immunosuppressive pathogen that, despite applied vaccination, is affecting the poultry industry worldwide. This report presents the genetic and pathotypic characterization of a natural reassortant emerging in Europe (Latvia). Genetic characterization showed that strain 25/11/Latvia/2011 represents genotype A3B1, whose segment A is derived from very virulent strains, while segment B is from the classic-like genogroup. Phylogenetic maximum likelihood inference of the B-segment sequence clustered the reassortant strain together with the US antigenic variant E strain. However, the obtained full-length sequence of 25/11/Latvia/2011 revealed that not only reassortment but also dozens of mutations shaped the unique genetic makeup. Phenotypic characterization showed no mortality and no clinical signs of disease but a severe bursa of Fabricius atrophy and splenomegaly in the convalescent birds at 10 days post infection. The results obtained indicate that the acquired genetic constellation contributed to a decrease in virulence; nevertheless, the infection causes severe damage to lymphoid organs, which can lead to impaired immune responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:38:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5fb3717bd27f415fa781c80a74f54df4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:38:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fb3717bd27f415fa781c80a74f54df42023-11-24T01:47:17ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-09-011110108110.3390/pathogens11101081Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in LatviaAnna Pikuła0Anna Lisowska1Department of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, PolandDepartment of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, PolandInfectious bursal disease virus is an immunosuppressive pathogen that, despite applied vaccination, is affecting the poultry industry worldwide. This report presents the genetic and pathotypic characterization of a natural reassortant emerging in Europe (Latvia). Genetic characterization showed that strain 25/11/Latvia/2011 represents genotype A3B1, whose segment A is derived from very virulent strains, while segment B is from the classic-like genogroup. Phylogenetic maximum likelihood inference of the B-segment sequence clustered the reassortant strain together with the US antigenic variant E strain. However, the obtained full-length sequence of 25/11/Latvia/2011 revealed that not only reassortment but also dozens of mutations shaped the unique genetic makeup. Phenotypic characterization showed no mortality and no clinical signs of disease but a severe bursa of Fabricius atrophy and splenomegaly in the convalescent birds at 10 days post infection. The results obtained indicate that the acquired genetic constellation contributed to a decrease in virulence; nevertheless, the infection causes severe damage to lymphoid organs, which can lead to impaired immune responses.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1081infectious bursal disease virusreassortmentviral evolutionvirulence |
| spellingShingle | Anna Pikuła Anna Lisowska Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in Latvia Pathogens infectious bursal disease virus reassortment viral evolution virulence |
| title | Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in Latvia |
| title_full | Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in Latvia |
| title_fullStr | Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in Latvia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in Latvia |
| title_short | Genetics and Pathogenicity of Natural Reassortant of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Emerging in Latvia |
| title_sort | genetics and pathogenicity of natural reassortant of infectious bursal disease virus emerging in latvia |
| topic | infectious bursal disease virus reassortment viral evolution virulence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1081 |
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