The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United States
ObjectiveTo assess whether COVID-19 vaccine approval and availability was associated with reduction in the prevalence of depression and anxiety among adults in the United States.MethodsWe adopted cross sectional and quasi-experimental design with mental health measurements before vaccine availabilit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.970007/full |
| _version_ | 1798040397708001280 |
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| author | Chan Shen Lucy Rashiwala R. Constance Wiener Patricia A. Findley Hao Wang Usha Sambamoorthi |
| author_facet | Chan Shen Lucy Rashiwala R. Constance Wiener Patricia A. Findley Hao Wang Usha Sambamoorthi |
| author_sort | Chan Shen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveTo assess whether COVID-19 vaccine approval and availability was associated with reduction in the prevalence of depression and anxiety among adults in the United States.MethodsWe adopted cross sectional and quasi-experimental design with mental health measurements before vaccine availability (June 2020, N = 68,009) and after vaccine availability (March 2021, N = 63,932) using data from Census Pulse Survey. Depression and anxiety were derived from PHQ-2 and GAD-2 questionnaires. We compared rates of depression and anxiety between June 2020 and March 2021. Unadjusted and adjusted analysis with replicate weights were conducted.ResultsDepression prevalence was 25.0% in June 2020 and 24.6% in March 2021; anxiety prevalence was 31.7% in June 2020 and 30.0% in March 2021 in the sample. In adjusted analysis, there were no significant differences in likelihood of depression and anxiety between June 2020 and March 2021.ConclusionDepression and anxiety were not significantly different between June 2020 and March 2021, which suggests that the pandemic effect continues to persist even with widespread availability of vaccines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:07:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5fba804a93844370853fced50d9e6171 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:07:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fba804a93844370853fced50d9e61712022-12-22T04:00:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402022-08-011310.3389/fpsyt.2022.970007970007The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United StatesChan Shen0Lucy Rashiwala1R. Constance Wiener2Patricia A. Findley3Hao Wang4Usha Sambamoorthi5Departments of Surgery and Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United StatesDepartment of Dental Public Health and Professional Practice, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United StatesRutgers School of Social Work, New Brunswick, NJ, United StatesDepartment of Emergency Medicine, JPS Health Network, Integrative Emergency Services, Fort Worth, TX, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United StatesObjectiveTo assess whether COVID-19 vaccine approval and availability was associated with reduction in the prevalence of depression and anxiety among adults in the United States.MethodsWe adopted cross sectional and quasi-experimental design with mental health measurements before vaccine availability (June 2020, N = 68,009) and after vaccine availability (March 2021, N = 63,932) using data from Census Pulse Survey. Depression and anxiety were derived from PHQ-2 and GAD-2 questionnaires. We compared rates of depression and anxiety between June 2020 and March 2021. Unadjusted and adjusted analysis with replicate weights were conducted.ResultsDepression prevalence was 25.0% in June 2020 and 24.6% in March 2021; anxiety prevalence was 31.7% in June 2020 and 30.0% in March 2021 in the sample. In adjusted analysis, there were no significant differences in likelihood of depression and anxiety between June 2020 and March 2021.ConclusionDepression and anxiety were not significantly different between June 2020 and March 2021, which suggests that the pandemic effect continues to persist even with widespread availability of vaccines.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.970007/fullCOVID-19depressionanxietyCensus pulse surveyvaccine availability |
| spellingShingle | Chan Shen Lucy Rashiwala R. Constance Wiener Patricia A. Findley Hao Wang Usha Sambamoorthi The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United States Frontiers in Psychiatry COVID-19 depression anxiety Census pulse survey vaccine availability |
| title | The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United States |
| title_full | The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United States |
| title_fullStr | The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United States |
| title_short | The association of COVID-19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the United States |
| title_sort | association of covid 19 vaccine availability with mental health among adults in the united states |
| topic | COVID-19 depression anxiety Census pulse survey vaccine availability |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.970007/full |
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