Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics
Abstract Migratory cyclones and anticyclones account for most of the day-to-day weather variability in the extratropics. These transient eddies act to maintain the midlatitude jet streams by systematically transporting westerly momentum and heat. Yet, little is known about the separate contributions...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2021-06-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92548-7 |
| _version_ | 1818403067670822912 |
|---|---|
| author | Satoru Okajima Hisashi Nakamura Yohai Kaspi |
| author_facet | Satoru Okajima Hisashi Nakamura Yohai Kaspi |
| author_sort | Satoru Okajima |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Migratory cyclones and anticyclones account for most of the day-to-day weather variability in the extratropics. These transient eddies act to maintain the midlatitude jet streams by systematically transporting westerly momentum and heat. Yet, little is known about the separate contributions of cyclones and anticyclones to their interaction with the westerlies. Here, using a novel methodology for identifying cyclonic and anticyclonic vortices based on curvature, we quantify their separate contributions to atmospheric energetics and their feedback on the westerly jet streams as represented in Eulerian statistics. We show that climatological westerly acceleration by cyclonic vortices acts to dominantly reinforce the wintertime eddy-driven near-surface westerlies and associated cyclonic shear. Though less baroclinic and energetic, anticyclones still play an important role in transporting westerly momentum toward midlatitudes from the upper-tropospheric thermally driven jet core and carrying eddy energy downstream. These new findings have uncovered essential characteristics of atmospheric energetics, storm track dynamics and eddy-mean flow interaction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:18:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5fbc0288a1f041abb0adb30da4fbc2a4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T08:18:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fbc0288a1f041abb0adb30da4fbc2a42022-12-21T23:09:52ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-06-0111111010.1038/s41598-021-92548-7Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energeticsSatoru Okajima0Hisashi Nakamura1Yohai Kaspi2Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of TokyoResearch Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of TokyoDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of ScienceAbstract Migratory cyclones and anticyclones account for most of the day-to-day weather variability in the extratropics. These transient eddies act to maintain the midlatitude jet streams by systematically transporting westerly momentum and heat. Yet, little is known about the separate contributions of cyclones and anticyclones to their interaction with the westerlies. Here, using a novel methodology for identifying cyclonic and anticyclonic vortices based on curvature, we quantify their separate contributions to atmospheric energetics and their feedback on the westerly jet streams as represented in Eulerian statistics. We show that climatological westerly acceleration by cyclonic vortices acts to dominantly reinforce the wintertime eddy-driven near-surface westerlies and associated cyclonic shear. Though less baroclinic and energetic, anticyclones still play an important role in transporting westerly momentum toward midlatitudes from the upper-tropospheric thermally driven jet core and carrying eddy energy downstream. These new findings have uncovered essential characteristics of atmospheric energetics, storm track dynamics and eddy-mean flow interaction.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92548-7 |
| spellingShingle | Satoru Okajima Hisashi Nakamura Yohai Kaspi Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics Scientific Reports |
| title | Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics |
| title_full | Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics |
| title_fullStr | Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics |
| title_short | Cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics |
| title_sort | cyclonic and anticyclonic contributions to atmospheric energetics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92548-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT satoruokajima cyclonicandanticycloniccontributionstoatmosphericenergetics AT hisashinakamura cyclonicandanticycloniccontributionstoatmosphericenergetics AT yohaikaspi cyclonicandanticycloniccontributionstoatmosphericenergetics |