Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions
Cellulose (rayon) filaments were exposed to various concentrations of hydrochloric acid under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions in order to study differences in degradation. Two sources of polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) were used as non-aqueous media. As a consequence of the producti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893922000561 |
| _version_ | 1818085215711526912 |
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| author | Bernhard Ungerer Irina Sulaeva Sabine Bodner Antje Potthast Jozef Keckes Ulrich Müller Stefan Veigel |
| author_facet | Bernhard Ungerer Irina Sulaeva Sabine Bodner Antje Potthast Jozef Keckes Ulrich Müller Stefan Veigel |
| author_sort | Bernhard Ungerer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cellulose (rayon) filaments were exposed to various concentrations of hydrochloric acid under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions in order to study differences in degradation. Two sources of polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) were used as non-aqueous media. As a consequence of the production process, pMDI was found to contain residual hydrochloric acid. Filament yarns were immersed for either 7 h or 7 d and purified to obtain pure filaments for further analysis. Single-filament tensile tests and molar mass measurements confirmed a significant degradation of the filament structure under non-aqueous conditions. Samples with the same amount of hydrochloric acid immersed in water, however, were rarely affected. Complementary X-ray diffraction indicated that the removal of the amorphous cellulose resulted in an increase in the cellulose crystallinity, which was manifested by a decrease in the width of the diffraction peaks. With this remarkable difference between aqueous and non-aqueous treatments, a quantitative proof to a new aspect about the processability of regenerated cellulose was presented. Amongst other fields of technical applications, these findings will have to be considered in composite engineering dealing with cellulosic fibre reinforcements. An effective way to avoid acidic hydrolysis was presented based on calcium carbonate as matrix filler. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:06:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5fcbd78475f64e478f0404a2ef6de668 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-8939 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T20:06:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fcbd78475f64e478f0404a2ef6de6682022-12-22T01:35:23ZengElsevierCarbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications2666-89392022-12-014100238Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditionsBernhard Ungerer0Irina Sulaeva1Sabine Bodner2Antje Potthast3Jozef Keckes4Ulrich Müller5Stefan Veigel6University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430, Tulln, Austria; Corresponding author.University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Core Facility “Analysis of Lignocellulose”, ALICE, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430, Tulln, AustriaUniversity of Leoben, Department of Material Science, Jahnstrasse 12, A-8700, Leoben, AustriaUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430, Tulln, AustriaUniversity of Leoben, Department of Material Science, Jahnstrasse 12, A-8700, Leoben, AustriaUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430, Tulln, AustriaUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430, Tulln, AustriaCellulose (rayon) filaments were exposed to various concentrations of hydrochloric acid under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions in order to study differences in degradation. Two sources of polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) were used as non-aqueous media. As a consequence of the production process, pMDI was found to contain residual hydrochloric acid. Filament yarns were immersed for either 7 h or 7 d and purified to obtain pure filaments for further analysis. Single-filament tensile tests and molar mass measurements confirmed a significant degradation of the filament structure under non-aqueous conditions. Samples with the same amount of hydrochloric acid immersed in water, however, were rarely affected. Complementary X-ray diffraction indicated that the removal of the amorphous cellulose resulted in an increase in the cellulose crystallinity, which was manifested by a decrease in the width of the diffraction peaks. With this remarkable difference between aqueous and non-aqueous treatments, a quantitative proof to a new aspect about the processability of regenerated cellulose was presented. Amongst other fields of technical applications, these findings will have to be considered in composite engineering dealing with cellulosic fibre reinforcements. An effective way to avoid acidic hydrolysis was presented based on calcium carbonate as matrix filler.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893922000561Acidic degradationCelluloseCrystallinityViscoseMolar mass distribution |
| spellingShingle | Bernhard Ungerer Irina Sulaeva Sabine Bodner Antje Potthast Jozef Keckes Ulrich Müller Stefan Veigel Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications Acidic degradation Cellulose Crystallinity Viscose Molar mass distribution |
| title | Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions |
| title_full | Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions |
| title_fullStr | Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions |
| title_short | Degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non-aqueous conditions |
| title_sort | degradation of regenerated cellulose filaments by hydrogen chloride under aqueous and non aqueous conditions |
| topic | Acidic degradation Cellulose Crystallinity Viscose Molar mass distribution |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893922000561 |
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