A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing
BackgroundStrongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) is a nematode that is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and which can cause severe disseminated infection in immunocompromised individuals. However, strongyloidiasis, the disease caused by S. stercoralis, is d...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1082412/full |
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| author | Qinfu Xu Xiaotong Xi Xiaotong Xi Dan Feng Dan Feng Qian Sang Yanbing Sheng Ran Ding Ran Ding Aiguo Xu |
| author_facet | Qinfu Xu Xiaotong Xi Xiaotong Xi Dan Feng Dan Feng Qian Sang Yanbing Sheng Ran Ding Ran Ding Aiguo Xu |
| author_sort | Qinfu Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundStrongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) is a nematode that is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and which can cause severe disseminated infection in immunocompromised individuals. However, strongyloidiasis, the disease caused by S. stercoralis, is difficult to diagnose because of its non-specific clinical presentation and the inadequate performance of conventional diagnostic methods.Case descriptionWe report the case of a 75-year-old male patient with severe disseminated infection caused by S. stercoralis. The patient had a medical history of seasonal bronchitis and, as a consequence, had taken prednisone for many years. Initial clinical tests failed to detect any pathogens, but metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) resulted in the identification of S. stercoralis in the patient’s bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood. Subsequently, routine testing repeatedly detected nematode larvae in the patient’s stool and sputum. Through a combination of mNGS results and clinical symptoms, the patient was finally diagnosed with severe disseminated infection caused by S. stercoralis.ConclusionThe clinical manifestations of disease caused by infection with S. stercoralis are not specific; therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is very important. mNGS can detect S. stercoralis even when it is present at only a low level. This case report supports the notion that mNGS is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of severe disseminated infections caused by S. stercoralis in immunocompromised patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:08:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5fcf5dea05cb49c88394844677321387 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T18:08:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fcf5dea05cb49c883948446773213872023-04-14T04:48:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882023-04-011310.3389/fcimb.2023.10824121082412A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencingQinfu Xu0Xiaotong Xi1Xiaotong Xi2Dan Feng3Dan Feng4Qian Sang5Yanbing Sheng6Ran Ding7Ran Ding8Aiguo Xu9Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Nanjing, ChinaThe Medical Department, Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd, Nanjing, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Nanjing, ChinaThe Medical Department, Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaThe State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Nanjing, ChinaThe Medical Department, Nanjing Simcere Medical Laboratory Science Co., Ltd, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaBackgroundStrongyloides stercoralis (S. stercoralis) is a nematode that is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and which can cause severe disseminated infection in immunocompromised individuals. However, strongyloidiasis, the disease caused by S. stercoralis, is difficult to diagnose because of its non-specific clinical presentation and the inadequate performance of conventional diagnostic methods.Case descriptionWe report the case of a 75-year-old male patient with severe disseminated infection caused by S. stercoralis. The patient had a medical history of seasonal bronchitis and, as a consequence, had taken prednisone for many years. Initial clinical tests failed to detect any pathogens, but metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) resulted in the identification of S. stercoralis in the patient’s bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood. Subsequently, routine testing repeatedly detected nematode larvae in the patient’s stool and sputum. Through a combination of mNGS results and clinical symptoms, the patient was finally diagnosed with severe disseminated infection caused by S. stercoralis.ConclusionThe clinical manifestations of disease caused by infection with S. stercoralis are not specific; therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is very important. mNGS can detect S. stercoralis even when it is present at only a low level. This case report supports the notion that mNGS is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of severe disseminated infections caused by S. stercoralis in immunocompromised patients.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1082412/fullStrongyloides stercoralisdisseminated infectionimmunocompromisedmetagenomic next-generation sequencingcase report |
| spellingShingle | Qinfu Xu Xiaotong Xi Xiaotong Xi Dan Feng Dan Feng Qian Sang Yanbing Sheng Ran Ding Ran Ding Aiguo Xu A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Strongyloides stercoralis disseminated infection immunocompromised metagenomic next-generation sequencing case report |
| title | A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing |
| title_full | A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing |
| title_fullStr | A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing |
| title_full_unstemmed | A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing |
| title_short | A case report: Severe disseminated infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing |
| title_sort | case report severe disseminated infection caused by strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised patient by metagenomic next generation sequencing |
| topic | Strongyloides stercoralis disseminated infection immunocompromised metagenomic next-generation sequencing case report |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1082412/full |
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