Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most severe and frequent retinal vascular disease that causes significant visual loss on a global scale. The purpose of our study was to evaluate retinal vascularization in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), the deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the choriocapillar...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/379 |
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| author | Guisela Fernández-Espinosa Ana Boned-Murillo Elvira Orduna-Hospital María Dolores Díaz-Barreda Ana Sánchez-Cano Sofía Bielsa-Alonso Javier Acha Isabel Pinilla |
| author_facet | Guisela Fernández-Espinosa Ana Boned-Murillo Elvira Orduna-Hospital María Dolores Díaz-Barreda Ana Sánchez-Cano Sofía Bielsa-Alonso Javier Acha Isabel Pinilla |
| author_sort | Guisela Fernández-Espinosa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most severe and frequent retinal vascular disease that causes significant visual loss on a global scale. The purpose of our study was to evaluate retinal vascularization in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), the deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the choriocapillaris (CC) and changes in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) by optical tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with moderate DR but without diabetic macular oedema (DME). Fifty-four eyes of DM2 with moderate DR (level 43 in the ETDRS scale) and without DME and 73 age-matched healthy eyes were evaluated using OCTA with swept-source (SS)-OCT to measure microvascularization changes in SCP, DCP, CC and the FAZ. The mean ages were 64.06 ± 11.98 and 60.79 ± 8.62 years in the DM2 and control groups, respectively. Visual acuity (VA) was lower in the DM2 patients (<i>p</i> = 0.001), OCTA showed changes in the SCP with a significant diminution in the vascular density and the FAZ area was significantly higher compared to healthy controls, with <i>p</i> < 0.001 at the SCP level. The most prevalent anatomical alterations were peripheral disruption in the SCP (83.3%), microaneurysms (MA) in the SCP and in the DCP (79.6% and 79.6%, respectively) and flow changes in the DCP (81.5%). A significant positive correlation was observed between the DM2 duration and the FAZ area in the SCP (0.304 with <i>p</i> = 0.025). A significant negative correlation was also found between age and CC central perfusion (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In summary, a decrease in the vascular density in DM2 patients with moderate DR without DME was observed, especially at the retinal SPC level. Furthermore, it was found that the FAZ was increased in the DM2 group in both retinal plexuses and was greater in the SCP group. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:11:19Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:11:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fd6ec24694d4442b016646ba8d3568d2023-11-23T19:31:04ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-02-0112237910.3390/diagnostics12020379Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic RetinopathyGuisela Fernández-Espinosa0Ana Boned-Murillo1Elvira Orduna-Hospital2María Dolores Díaz-Barreda3Ana Sánchez-Cano4Sofía Bielsa-Alonso5Javier Acha6Isabel Pinilla7Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, SpainAragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, SpainAragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, SpainAragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, SpainAragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, SpainDepartment of Applied Physics, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, SpainAragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, SpainAragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, SpainDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most severe and frequent retinal vascular disease that causes significant visual loss on a global scale. The purpose of our study was to evaluate retinal vascularization in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), the deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the choriocapillaris (CC) and changes in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) by optical tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with moderate DR but without diabetic macular oedema (DME). Fifty-four eyes of DM2 with moderate DR (level 43 in the ETDRS scale) and without DME and 73 age-matched healthy eyes were evaluated using OCTA with swept-source (SS)-OCT to measure microvascularization changes in SCP, DCP, CC and the FAZ. The mean ages were 64.06 ± 11.98 and 60.79 ± 8.62 years in the DM2 and control groups, respectively. Visual acuity (VA) was lower in the DM2 patients (<i>p</i> = 0.001), OCTA showed changes in the SCP with a significant diminution in the vascular density and the FAZ area was significantly higher compared to healthy controls, with <i>p</i> < 0.001 at the SCP level. The most prevalent anatomical alterations were peripheral disruption in the SCP (83.3%), microaneurysms (MA) in the SCP and in the DCP (79.6% and 79.6%, respectively) and flow changes in the DCP (81.5%). A significant positive correlation was observed between the DM2 duration and the FAZ area in the SCP (0.304 with <i>p</i> = 0.025). A significant negative correlation was also found between age and CC central perfusion (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In summary, a decrease in the vascular density in DM2 patients with moderate DR without DME was observed, especially at the retinal SPC level. Furthermore, it was found that the FAZ was increased in the DM2 group in both retinal plexuses and was greater in the SCP group.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/379diabetes mellitusdiabetic retinopathyfoveal avascular zoneretinal capillary plexuseschoriocapillarisswept-source optical coherence tomography angiography |
| spellingShingle | Guisela Fernández-Espinosa Ana Boned-Murillo Elvira Orduna-Hospital María Dolores Díaz-Barreda Ana Sánchez-Cano Sofía Bielsa-Alonso Javier Acha Isabel Pinilla Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnostics diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy foveal avascular zone retinal capillary plexuses choriocapillaris swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography |
| title | Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_full | Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_fullStr | Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_short | Retinal Vascularization Abnormalities Studied by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Moderate Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_sort | retinal vascularization abnormalities studied by optical coherence tomography angiography octa in type 2 diabetic patients with moderate diabetic retinopathy |
| topic | diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy foveal avascular zone retinal capillary plexuses choriocapillaris swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/379 |
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