Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation.
Hair is important for thermoregulation, physical protection, sensory activity, seasonal camouflage, and social interactions. Hair is generated in hair follicles (HFs) and, following morphogenesis, HFs undergo cyclic phases of active growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and inactivity (telogen) thr...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2010-04-01
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| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2851574?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818947835990638592 |
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| author | Gunilla Törnqvist Anna Sandberg Anna-Carin Hägglund Leif Carlsson |
| author_facet | Gunilla Törnqvist Anna Sandberg Anna-Carin Hägglund Leif Carlsson |
| author_sort | Gunilla Törnqvist |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hair is important for thermoregulation, physical protection, sensory activity, seasonal camouflage, and social interactions. Hair is generated in hair follicles (HFs) and, following morphogenesis, HFs undergo cyclic phases of active growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and inactivity (telogen) throughout life. The transcriptional regulation of this process is not well understood. We show that the transcription factor Lhx2 is expressed in cells of the outer root sheath and a subpopulation of matrix cells during both morphogenesis and anagen. As the HFs enter telogen, expression becomes undetectable and reappears prior to initiation of anagen in the secondary hair germ. In contrast to previously published results, we find that Lhx2 is primarily expressed by precursor cells outside of the bulge region where the HF stem cells are located. This developmental, stage- and cell-specific expression suggests that Lhx2 regulates the generation and regeneration of hair. In support of this hypothesis, we show that Lhx2 is required for anagen progression and HF morphogenesis. Moreover, transgenic expression of Lhx2 in postnatal HFs is sufficient to induce anagen. Thus, our results reveal an alternative interpretation of Lhx2 function in HFs compared to previously published results, since Lhx2 is periodically expressed, primarily in precursor cells distinct from those in the bulge region, and is an essential positive regulator of hair formation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T08:37:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5fe18f2b10574bd98254de31f53fa3da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T08:37:14Z |
| publishDate | 2010-04-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fe18f2b10574bd98254de31f53fa3da2022-12-21T19:46:31ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042010-04-0164e100090410.1371/journal.pgen.1000904Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation.Gunilla TörnqvistAnna SandbergAnna-Carin HägglundLeif CarlssonHair is important for thermoregulation, physical protection, sensory activity, seasonal camouflage, and social interactions. Hair is generated in hair follicles (HFs) and, following morphogenesis, HFs undergo cyclic phases of active growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and inactivity (telogen) throughout life. The transcriptional regulation of this process is not well understood. We show that the transcription factor Lhx2 is expressed in cells of the outer root sheath and a subpopulation of matrix cells during both morphogenesis and anagen. As the HFs enter telogen, expression becomes undetectable and reappears prior to initiation of anagen in the secondary hair germ. In contrast to previously published results, we find that Lhx2 is primarily expressed by precursor cells outside of the bulge region where the HF stem cells are located. This developmental, stage- and cell-specific expression suggests that Lhx2 regulates the generation and regeneration of hair. In support of this hypothesis, we show that Lhx2 is required for anagen progression and HF morphogenesis. Moreover, transgenic expression of Lhx2 in postnatal HFs is sufficient to induce anagen. Thus, our results reveal an alternative interpretation of Lhx2 function in HFs compared to previously published results, since Lhx2 is periodically expressed, primarily in precursor cells distinct from those in the bulge region, and is an essential positive regulator of hair formation.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2851574?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Gunilla Törnqvist Anna Sandberg Anna-Carin Hägglund Leif Carlsson Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation. PLoS Genetics |
| title | Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation. |
| title_full | Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation. |
| title_fullStr | Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation. |
| title_short | Cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation. |
| title_sort | cyclic expression of lhx2 regulates hair formation |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2851574?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gunillatornqvist cyclicexpressionoflhx2regulateshairformation AT annasandberg cyclicexpressionoflhx2regulateshairformation AT annacarinhagglund cyclicexpressionoflhx2regulateshairformation AT leifcarlsson cyclicexpressionoflhx2regulateshairformation |