Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1
The biocontrol strain P1 of Trichoderma harzianum was genetically modified by targeted disruption of the single-copy ech42 gene encoding for the secreted 42-kDa endochitinase (CHIT42). Stable mutants in which ech42 was interrupted, and unable to produce CHIT42, were obtained and characterized. These...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The American Phytopathological Society
1999-05-01
|
| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI.1999.12.5.419 |
| _version_ | 1811287295663276032 |
|---|---|
| author | S. L. Woo B. Donzelli F. Scala R. Mach G. E. Harman C. P. Kubicek G. Del Sorbo M. Lorito |
| author_facet | S. L. Woo B. Donzelli F. Scala R. Mach G. E. Harman C. P. Kubicek G. Del Sorbo M. Lorito |
| author_sort | S. L. Woo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The biocontrol strain P1 of Trichoderma harzianum was genetically modified by targeted disruption of the single-copy ech42 gene encoding for the secreted 42-kDa endochitinase (CHIT42). Stable mutants in which ech42 was interrupted, and unable to produce CHIT42, were obtained and characterized. These mutants lacked the ech42 transcript, the protein, and endochitinase activity in culture filtrates, and they were unable to clear a medium containing colloidal chitin. Other chitinolytic and glucanolytic enzymes expressed during mycoparasitism were not affected by the disruption of ech42. The disrupted mutant D11 grew and sporulated similarly to the wild type. In vitro antifungal activity of the ech42 disruptant culture filtrates against Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani was reduced about 40%, compared with wild type; antifungal activity was fully restored by adding an equivalent amount of CHIT42 as secreted by P1. The mutant exhibited the same biocontrol effect against Pythium ultimum as strain P1, but the antagonism against B. cinerea on bean leaves by the mutant was significantly reduced (33% less biocontrol), compared with strain P1. Conversely, the endochitinase-deficient mutant performed better than the wild type (16% improvement of survival) in biocontrol experiments in soil infested with the soilborne fungus R. solani. These results indicate that the antagonistic interaction between the T. harzianum strain and various fungal hosts is based on different mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:16:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5fe71f67c7bd4abf84d4300c7ea8c330 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T03:16:26Z |
| publishDate | 1999-05-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-5fe71f67c7bd4abf84d4300c7ea8c3302022-12-22T03:04:54ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77061999-05-0112541942910.1094/MPMI.1999.12.5.419Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1S. L. WooB. DonzelliF. ScalaR. MachG. E. HarmanC. P. KubicekG. Del SorboM. LoritoThe biocontrol strain P1 of Trichoderma harzianum was genetically modified by targeted disruption of the single-copy ech42 gene encoding for the secreted 42-kDa endochitinase (CHIT42). Stable mutants in which ech42 was interrupted, and unable to produce CHIT42, were obtained and characterized. These mutants lacked the ech42 transcript, the protein, and endochitinase activity in culture filtrates, and they were unable to clear a medium containing colloidal chitin. Other chitinolytic and glucanolytic enzymes expressed during mycoparasitism were not affected by the disruption of ech42. The disrupted mutant D11 grew and sporulated similarly to the wild type. In vitro antifungal activity of the ech42 disruptant culture filtrates against Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia solani was reduced about 40%, compared with wild type; antifungal activity was fully restored by adding an equivalent amount of CHIT42 as secreted by P1. The mutant exhibited the same biocontrol effect against Pythium ultimum as strain P1, but the antagonism against B. cinerea on bean leaves by the mutant was significantly reduced (33% less biocontrol), compared with strain P1. Conversely, the endochitinase-deficient mutant performed better than the wild type (16% improvement of survival) in biocontrol experiments in soil infested with the soilborne fungus R. solani. These results indicate that the antagonistic interaction between the T. harzianum strain and various fungal hosts is based on different mechanisms.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI.1999.12.5.419 |
| spellingShingle | S. L. Woo B. Donzelli F. Scala R. Mach G. E. Harman C. P. Kubicek G. Del Sorbo M. Lorito Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1 Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| title | Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1 |
| title_full | Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1 |
| title_fullStr | Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1 |
| title_short | Disruption of the ech42 (Endochitinase-Encoding) Gene Affects Biocontrol Activity in Trichoderma harzianum P1 |
| title_sort | disruption of the ech42 endochitinase encoding gene affects biocontrol activity in trichoderma harzianum p1 |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI.1999.12.5.419 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT slwoo disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 AT bdonzelli disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 AT fscala disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 AT rmach disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 AT geharman disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 AT cpkubicek disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 AT gdelsorbo disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 AT mlorito disruptionoftheech42endochitinaseencodinggeneaffectsbiocontrolactivityintrichodermaharzianump1 |