Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, Thailand
Abstract Background Mobile phones are widely used and may cause bacterial pathogens to spread among various professionals. Staphylococcus aureus from the mobile phones can contaminate the hands of food vendors and food during the cooking or packaging process. This research aimed to determine the pre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-023-00621-y |
| _version_ | 1797577507606626304 |
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| author | Krissana Khoothiam Watsawan Prapasawat Atchariya Yosboonruang Anchalee Rawangkan Chorpaka Phuangsri Kitwadee Rupprom Parinya Kraivuttinun Wimonrat Tanomsridachchai Orasa Suthienkul Achiraya Siriphap |
| author_facet | Krissana Khoothiam Watsawan Prapasawat Atchariya Yosboonruang Anchalee Rawangkan Chorpaka Phuangsri Kitwadee Rupprom Parinya Kraivuttinun Wimonrat Tanomsridachchai Orasa Suthienkul Achiraya Siriphap |
| author_sort | Krissana Khoothiam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mobile phones are widely used and may cause bacterial pathogens to spread among various professionals. Staphylococcus aureus from the mobile phones can contaminate the hands of food vendors and food during the cooking or packaging process. This research aimed to determine the prevalence, enterotoxin genes, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of S. aureus contaminating the vendors’ mobile phones. Methods In this study, 266 mobile phone samples were randomly collected from food vendors selling food on walking streets (n = 139) and in food centers (n = 127) in Phayao province. All samples were identified as S. aureus by the conventional culture method and confirmed species-specific gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then, all identified S. aureus isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by broth microdilution method and for the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes by PCR. Results The results showed that 12.8% of the mobile phones collected were contaminated with S. aureus. Of 49 S. aureus isolates obtained, 30 (61.2%) were positive for SE genes. The most common SE gene was sea followed by sec, seb, sem, seq, and sel. Moreover, S. aureus was most frequently resistant to penicillin, followed by chloramphenicol and tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and gentamicin. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were also detected. Conclusions This study showed that mobile phones were an intermediate surface for the transmission of S. aureus, including MDR variants. It indicates that hand hygiene and the decontamination of mobile phones are essential to prevent cross-contamination of S. aureus in food settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:09:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5feb158a311a4739a914da7cf9351f2c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-0711 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:09:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials |
| spelling | doaj.art-5feb158a311a4739a914da7cf9351f2c2023-11-19T12:38:48ZengBMCAnnals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials1476-07112023-08-012211810.1186/s12941-023-00621-yPrevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, ThailandKrissana Khoothiam0Watsawan Prapasawat1Atchariya Yosboonruang2Anchalee Rawangkan3Chorpaka Phuangsri4Kitwadee Rupprom5Parinya Kraivuttinun6Wimonrat Tanomsridachchai7Orasa Suthienkul8Achiraya Siriphap9Division of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of PhayaoDepartment of Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of TechnologyDivision of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of PhayaoDivision of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of PhayaoDivision of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of PhayaoDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj UniversityDepartment of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uttaradit Rajabhat UniversityDepartment of Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mahanakorn University of TechnologyFaculty of Public Health, Mahidol UniversityDivision of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of PhayaoAbstract Background Mobile phones are widely used and may cause bacterial pathogens to spread among various professionals. Staphylococcus aureus from the mobile phones can contaminate the hands of food vendors and food during the cooking or packaging process. This research aimed to determine the prevalence, enterotoxin genes, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of S. aureus contaminating the vendors’ mobile phones. Methods In this study, 266 mobile phone samples were randomly collected from food vendors selling food on walking streets (n = 139) and in food centers (n = 127) in Phayao province. All samples were identified as S. aureus by the conventional culture method and confirmed species-specific gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then, all identified S. aureus isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by broth microdilution method and for the presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes by PCR. Results The results showed that 12.8% of the mobile phones collected were contaminated with S. aureus. Of 49 S. aureus isolates obtained, 30 (61.2%) were positive for SE genes. The most common SE gene was sea followed by sec, seb, sem, seq, and sel. Moreover, S. aureus was most frequently resistant to penicillin, followed by chloramphenicol and tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin, and gentamicin. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were also detected. Conclusions This study showed that mobile phones were an intermediate surface for the transmission of S. aureus, including MDR variants. It indicates that hand hygiene and the decontamination of mobile phones are essential to prevent cross-contamination of S. aureus in food settings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-023-00621-yStaphylococcus aureusMobile phoneFood vendorAntimicrobial resistanceStaphylococcal enterotoxin |
| spellingShingle | Krissana Khoothiam Watsawan Prapasawat Atchariya Yosboonruang Anchalee Rawangkan Chorpaka Phuangsri Kitwadee Rupprom Parinya Kraivuttinun Wimonrat Tanomsridachchai Orasa Suthienkul Achiraya Siriphap Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, Thailand Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials Staphylococcus aureus Mobile phone Food vendor Antimicrobial resistance Staphylococcal enterotoxin |
| title | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, Thailand |
| title_full | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, Thailand |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, Thailand |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, Thailand |
| title_short | Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and enterotoxin gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in Phayao province, Thailand |
| title_sort | prevalence antimicrobial resistance and enterotoxin gene profiles of staphylococcus aureus isolated from mobile phones of the food vendors in phayao province thailand |
| topic | Staphylococcus aureus Mobile phone Food vendor Antimicrobial resistance Staphylococcal enterotoxin |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-023-00621-y |
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