Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model
Abstract One of the most notable features in repulsive particle based active matter systems is motility-induced-phase separation (MIPS) where a dense, often crystalline phase and low density fluid coexist. Most active matter studies involve time-dependent activity; however, there are many active sys...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Communications Physics |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-023-01387-7 |
| _version_ | 1827710640394862592 |
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| author | Péter Forgács András Libál Charles Reichhardt Nicolas Hengartner Cynthia J. O. Reichhardt |
| author_facet | Péter Forgács András Libál Charles Reichhardt Nicolas Hengartner Cynthia J. O. Reichhardt |
| author_sort | Péter Forgács |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract One of the most notable features in repulsive particle based active matter systems is motility-induced-phase separation (MIPS) where a dense, often crystalline phase and low density fluid coexist. Most active matter studies involve time-dependent activity; however, there are many active systems where individual particles transition from living or moving to dead or nonmotile due to lack of fuel, infection, or poisoning. Here we consider an active matter particle system at densities where MIPS does not occur. When we add a small number of infected particles that can poison other particles, rendering them nonmotile, we find a rich variety of time dependent pattern formation, including MIPS, a wetting phase, and a fragmented state formed when mobile particles plow through a nonmotile packing. We map the patterns as a function of time scaled by epidemic duration, and show that the pattern formation is robust for a wide range of poisoning rates and activity levels. We also show that pattern formation does not occur in a random death model, but requires the promotion of nucleation by contact poisoning. Our results should be relevant to biological and active matter systems where there is some form of poisoning, death, or transition to nonmotility. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:41:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ff1b19e54bd493cbef4f63f8762f370 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2399-3650 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:41:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ff1b19e54bd493cbef4f63f8762f3702023-11-20T09:40:11ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Physics2399-36502023-10-01611810.1038/s42005-023-01387-7Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning modelPéter Forgács0András Libál1Charles Reichhardt2Nicolas Hengartner3Cynthia J. O. Reichhardt4Lakeside Labs GmbHMathematics and Computer Science Department, Babeş-Bolyai UniversityTheoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National LaboratoryTheoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National LaboratoryTheoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National LaboratoryAbstract One of the most notable features in repulsive particle based active matter systems is motility-induced-phase separation (MIPS) where a dense, often crystalline phase and low density fluid coexist. Most active matter studies involve time-dependent activity; however, there are many active systems where individual particles transition from living or moving to dead or nonmotile due to lack of fuel, infection, or poisoning. Here we consider an active matter particle system at densities where MIPS does not occur. When we add a small number of infected particles that can poison other particles, rendering them nonmotile, we find a rich variety of time dependent pattern formation, including MIPS, a wetting phase, and a fragmented state formed when mobile particles plow through a nonmotile packing. We map the patterns as a function of time scaled by epidemic duration, and show that the pattern formation is robust for a wide range of poisoning rates and activity levels. We also show that pattern formation does not occur in a random death model, but requires the promotion of nucleation by contact poisoning. Our results should be relevant to biological and active matter systems where there is some form of poisoning, death, or transition to nonmotility.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-023-01387-7 |
| spellingShingle | Péter Forgács András Libál Charles Reichhardt Nicolas Hengartner Cynthia J. O. Reichhardt Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model Communications Physics |
| title | Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model |
| title_full | Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model |
| title_fullStr | Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model |
| title_short | Transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model |
| title_sort | transient pattern formation in an active matter contact poisoning model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-023-01387-7 |
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