Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) with two dissimilar electrodes are known to exhibit relatively moderate energy and power densities. If electrodes derived from earth-abundant materials or renewable resources such as lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) are used for fabrication, energy storage systems are...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/16/2365 |
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| author | Khang Huynh Bharathkiran Maddipudi Rajesh Shende |
| author_facet | Khang Huynh Bharathkiran Maddipudi Rajesh Shende |
| author_sort | Khang Huynh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) with two dissimilar electrodes are known to exhibit relatively moderate energy and power densities. If electrodes derived from earth-abundant materials or renewable resources such as lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) are used for fabrication, energy storage systems are expected to become less expensive and more sustainable. Hybrid electrode materials have advantages such as higher surface area, better chemical stability, and superior energy density. This study reports on the synthesis of a novel hybrid electrode material containing porous carbon (POC) and copper ferrite, which is designated as POC@Cu-ferrite, and its electrochemical performance in ASC configuration. Corn stover derived hydrochar is utilized for the sol–gel synthesis of POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid material using earth-abundant Cu and Fe-based precursors. This material is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM). As-synthesized Cu-ferrite is found to contain 89.2% CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and 10.8% Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, whereas other phases such as Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, CuFeO<sub>2</sub>, and CuO are observed for the POC@Cu-ferrite. BET-specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume of POC@Cu-ferrite are observed as 1068 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 0.72 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, respectively. POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid electrode is used with POC opposite electrode to fabricate ASC, which is tested using Gamry G-300 potentiostat/galvanostat/ZRA to obtain cyclic voltammetry (CV) profiles and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) plots. ASC is also prepared using Cu-ferrite and POC materials and its specific capacitance and stability are compared with ASCs prepared with POC@Cu-ferrite and POC or graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) electrodes. POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid electrode is found to be superior with a 2-fold higher capacitance and significant electrochemical stability over 100 GCD cycles as compared to the Cu-ferrite electrode. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:40:33Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5ff267b2c83b41cd9228c185a295ec0c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:40:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5ff267b2c83b41cd9228c185a295ec0c2023-11-19T02:28:06ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-08-011316236510.3390/nano13162365Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric SupercapacitorsKhang Huynh0Bharathkiran Maddipudi1Rajesh Shende2Karen M. Swindler Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USAKaren M. Swindler Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USAKaren M. Swindler Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USAAsymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) with two dissimilar electrodes are known to exhibit relatively moderate energy and power densities. If electrodes derived from earth-abundant materials or renewable resources such as lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) are used for fabrication, energy storage systems are expected to become less expensive and more sustainable. Hybrid electrode materials have advantages such as higher surface area, better chemical stability, and superior energy density. This study reports on the synthesis of a novel hybrid electrode material containing porous carbon (POC) and copper ferrite, which is designated as POC@Cu-ferrite, and its electrochemical performance in ASC configuration. Corn stover derived hydrochar is utilized for the sol–gel synthesis of POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid material using earth-abundant Cu and Fe-based precursors. This material is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM). As-synthesized Cu-ferrite is found to contain 89.2% CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and 10.8% Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, whereas other phases such as Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, CuFeO<sub>2</sub>, and CuO are observed for the POC@Cu-ferrite. BET-specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume of POC@Cu-ferrite are observed as 1068 m<sup>2</sup>/g and 0.72 cm<sup>3</sup>/g, respectively. POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid electrode is used with POC opposite electrode to fabricate ASC, which is tested using Gamry G-300 potentiostat/galvanostat/ZRA to obtain cyclic voltammetry (CV) profiles and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) plots. ASC is also prepared using Cu-ferrite and POC materials and its specific capacitance and stability are compared with ASCs prepared with POC@Cu-ferrite and POC or graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) electrodes. POC@Cu-ferrite hybrid electrode is found to be superior with a 2-fold higher capacitance and significant electrochemical stability over 100 GCD cycles as compared to the Cu-ferrite electrode.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/16/2365Cu-ferritemesoporous carbonasymmetric supercapacitorCVGCDelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Khang Huynh Bharathkiran Maddipudi Rajesh Shende Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors Nanomaterials Cu-ferrite mesoporous carbon asymmetric supercapacitor CV GCD electrochemical impedance spectroscopy |
| title | Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors |
| title_full | Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors |
| title_fullStr | Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors |
| title_short | Hybrid Mesoporous Carbon/Copper Ferrite Electrode for Asymmetric Supercapacitors |
| title_sort | hybrid mesoporous carbon copper ferrite electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors |
| topic | Cu-ferrite mesoporous carbon asymmetric supercapacitor CV GCD electrochemical impedance spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/16/2365 |
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