Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary Results
The oral delivery of bacteria in the human intestine is of great interest because of its potential to correct the gut microbiota and treat inflammatory bowel diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate sodium N-(2-sulfonatoethyl)chitosan gel cross-linked with glutaraldehyde as a delivery carrier...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Gels |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/2/120 |
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| author | Alexander Samokhin Anastasia Korel Elena Blinova Alexander Pestov Galina Kalmykova Nadezhda Akulova Viktoria Betz Vadim Tkachenko Ekaterina Litvinova |
| author_facet | Alexander Samokhin Anastasia Korel Elena Blinova Alexander Pestov Galina Kalmykova Nadezhda Akulova Viktoria Betz Vadim Tkachenko Ekaterina Litvinova |
| author_sort | Alexander Samokhin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The oral delivery of bacteria in the human intestine is of great interest because of its potential to correct the gut microbiota and treat inflammatory bowel diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate sodium N-(2-sulfonatoethyl)chitosan gel cross-linked with glutaraldehyde as a delivery carrier for probiotic bacteria to the gut using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The bacterial test strain was <i>B. subtilis 20</i>. The cytotoxicity of the gel was evaluated via cell culture using flow cytometry and light microscopy. The gel as a delivery system was assessed by the dye release in medium with different pH levels in vitro, and by bacterial titer monitoring in mouse feces using the microbiology method in vivo. Results of an in vitro experiment showed that tested gel has no cytotoxicity. The use of gel as a carrier for bacterial delivery into the intestine was more effective than oral gavage of bacterial suspension. Therefore, gel delivery of bacteria decreased the titer level by up to two times. However, a gavage of bacterial suspension decreased the titer level by over 200 times. Tested gel has the potential to be a carrier for the safe delivery of bacteria to the intestine through the stomach, reducing the rate of the elimination of probiotic bacteria from the intestine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60188fc29ecb488d97c10a9ae0b8aa36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:47:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj.art-60188fc29ecb488d97c10a9ae0b8aa362023-11-16T20:39:29ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612023-02-019212010.3390/gels9020120Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary ResultsAlexander Samokhin0Anastasia Korel1Elena Blinova2Alexander Pestov3Galina Kalmykova4Nadezhda Akulova5Viktoria Betz6Vadim Tkachenko7Ekaterina Litvinova8Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Organic Synthesis n.a. I. Ya. Postovsky UB RAS, 620137 Ekaterinburg, RussiaNovosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaNovosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, RussiaThe oral delivery of bacteria in the human intestine is of great interest because of its potential to correct the gut microbiota and treat inflammatory bowel diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate sodium N-(2-sulfonatoethyl)chitosan gel cross-linked with glutaraldehyde as a delivery carrier for probiotic bacteria to the gut using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The bacterial test strain was <i>B. subtilis 20</i>. The cytotoxicity of the gel was evaluated via cell culture using flow cytometry and light microscopy. The gel as a delivery system was assessed by the dye release in medium with different pH levels in vitro, and by bacterial titer monitoring in mouse feces using the microbiology method in vivo. Results of an in vitro experiment showed that tested gel has no cytotoxicity. The use of gel as a carrier for bacterial delivery into the intestine was more effective than oral gavage of bacterial suspension. Therefore, gel delivery of bacteria decreased the titer level by up to two times. However, a gavage of bacterial suspension decreased the titer level by over 200 times. Tested gel has the potential to be a carrier for the safe delivery of bacteria to the intestine through the stomach, reducing the rate of the elimination of probiotic bacteria from the intestine.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/2/120bacteriabacillus subtilisintestinecarriersodium N-(2-sulfonatoethyl)chitosangel |
| spellingShingle | Alexander Samokhin Anastasia Korel Elena Blinova Alexander Pestov Galina Kalmykova Nadezhda Akulova Viktoria Betz Vadim Tkachenko Ekaterina Litvinova Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary Results Gels bacteria bacillus subtilis intestine carrier sodium N-(2-sulfonatoethyl)chitosan gel |
| title | Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary Results |
| title_full | Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary Results |
| title_fullStr | Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary Results |
| title_full_unstemmed | Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary Results |
| title_short | Delivery of <i>B. subtilis</i> into Animal Intestine Using Chitosan-Derived Bioresorbable Gel Carrier: Preliminary Results |
| title_sort | delivery of i b subtilis i into animal intestine using chitosan derived bioresorbable gel carrier preliminary results |
| topic | bacteria bacillus subtilis intestine carrier sodium N-(2-sulfonatoethyl)chitosan gel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/9/2/120 |
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