Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern Atlantic
An accurate quantification of the role of the ocean as source/sink of greenhouse gases (GHGs) requires to access the high-resolution of the GHG air–sea flux at the interface. In this paper we present a novel method to reconstruct maps of surface ocean partial pressure of CO<sub>2</sub> (...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2015-09-01
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| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/5229/2015/bg-12-5229-2015.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811303129950453760 |
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| author | I. Hernández-Carrasco J. Sudre V. Garçon H. Yahia C. Garbe A. Paulmier B. Dewitte S. Illig I. Dadou M. González-Dávila J. M. Santana-Casiano |
| author_facet | I. Hernández-Carrasco J. Sudre V. Garçon H. Yahia C. Garbe A. Paulmier B. Dewitte S. Illig I. Dadou M. González-Dávila J. M. Santana-Casiano |
| author_sort | I. Hernández-Carrasco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An accurate quantification of the role of the ocean as source/sink of
greenhouse gases (GHGs) requires to access the high-resolution of the GHG
air–sea flux at the interface. In this paper we present a novel method to
reconstruct maps of surface ocean partial pressure of CO<sub>2</sub> ( <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>) and
air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes at super resolution (4 km, i.e.,
1/32° at these latitudes) using sea
surface temperature (SST) and ocean color (OC) data at this resolution, and
CarbonTracker CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes data at low resolution (110 km). Inference of
super-resolution <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes is performed using
novel nonlinear signal processing methodologies that prove efficient in the
context of oceanography. The theoretical background comes from the
microcanonical multifractal formalism which unlocks the geometrical
determination of cascading properties of physical intensive variables. As a
consequence, a multi-resolution analysis performed on the signal of the
so-called singularity exponents allows for the correct and near optimal
cross-scale inference of GHG fluxes, as the inference suits the geometric
realization of the cascade. We apply such a methodology to the study offshore
of the Benguela area. The inferred representation of oceanic partial pressure
of CO<sub>2</sub> improves and enhances the description provided by CarbonTracker,
capturing the small-scale variability. We examine different combinations of
ocean color and sea surface temperature products in order to increase the
number of valid points and the quality of the inferred <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> field. The
methodology is validated using in situ measurements by means of statistical
errors. We find that mean absolute and relative errors in the inferred values
of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> with respect to in situ measurements are smaller than for
CarbonTracker. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:42:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-602043ea03474f459cb5b081c8bbf565 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:42:25Z |
| publishDate | 2015-09-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-602043ea03474f459cb5b081c8bbf5652022-12-22T02:55:51ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892015-09-0112175229524510.5194/bg-12-5229-2015Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern AtlanticI. Hernández-Carrasco0J. Sudre1V. Garçon2H. Yahia3C. Garbe4A. Paulmier5B. Dewitte6S. Illig7I. Dadou8M. González-Dávila9J. M. Santana-Casiano10LEGOS, Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNES-CNRS-IRD-UPS), 31401 Toulouse, FranceLEGOS, Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNES-CNRS-IRD-UPS), 31401 Toulouse, FranceLEGOS, Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNES-CNRS-IRD-UPS), 31401 Toulouse, FranceINRIA, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, Bordeaux, FranceIWR, Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyLEGOS, Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNES-CNRS-IRD-UPS), 31401 Toulouse, FranceLEGOS, Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNES-CNRS-IRD-UPS), 31401 Toulouse, FranceLEGOS, Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNES-CNRS-IRD-UPS), 31401 Toulouse, FranceLEGOS, Laboratoire d'Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (CNES-CNRS-IRD-UPS), 31401 Toulouse, FranceInstituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainInstituto de Oceanografía y Cambio Global, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, SpainAn accurate quantification of the role of the ocean as source/sink of greenhouse gases (GHGs) requires to access the high-resolution of the GHG air–sea flux at the interface. In this paper we present a novel method to reconstruct maps of surface ocean partial pressure of CO<sub>2</sub> ( <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub>) and air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes at super resolution (4 km, i.e., 1/32° at these latitudes) using sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean color (OC) data at this resolution, and CarbonTracker CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes data at low resolution (110 km). Inference of super-resolution <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes is performed using novel nonlinear signal processing methodologies that prove efficient in the context of oceanography. The theoretical background comes from the microcanonical multifractal formalism which unlocks the geometrical determination of cascading properties of physical intensive variables. As a consequence, a multi-resolution analysis performed on the signal of the so-called singularity exponents allows for the correct and near optimal cross-scale inference of GHG fluxes, as the inference suits the geometric realization of the cascade. We apply such a methodology to the study offshore of the Benguela area. The inferred representation of oceanic partial pressure of CO<sub>2</sub> improves and enhances the description provided by CarbonTracker, capturing the small-scale variability. We examine different combinations of ocean color and sea surface temperature products in order to increase the number of valid points and the quality of the inferred <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> field. The methodology is validated using in situ measurements by means of statistical errors. We find that mean absolute and relative errors in the inferred values of <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> with respect to in situ measurements are smaller than for CarbonTracker.http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/5229/2015/bg-12-5229-2015.pdf |
| spellingShingle | I. Hernández-Carrasco J. Sudre V. Garçon H. Yahia C. Garbe A. Paulmier B. Dewitte S. Illig I. Dadou M. González-Dávila J. M. Santana-Casiano Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern Atlantic Biogeosciences |
| title | Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern Atlantic |
| title_full | Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern Atlantic |
| title_fullStr | Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern Atlantic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern Atlantic |
| title_short | Reconstruction of super-resolution ocean <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> and air–sea fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> from satellite imagery in the southeastern Atlantic |
| title_sort | reconstruction of super resolution ocean i p i co sub 2 sub and air sea fluxes of co sub 2 sub from satellite imagery in the southeastern atlantic |
| url | http://www.biogeosciences.net/12/5229/2015/bg-12-5229-2015.pdf |
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