The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease which is characterized by abnormal placentation, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. Several studies have shown that the maternal immune system, which is crucial for maintaining the pregnancy by ensuring maternal-fetal-tolerance, is disrup...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/2/157 |
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| author | Johanna Mittelberger Marina Seefried Manuela Franitza Fabian Garrido Nina Ditsch Udo Jeschke Christian Dannecker |
| author_facet | Johanna Mittelberger Marina Seefried Manuela Franitza Fabian Garrido Nina Ditsch Udo Jeschke Christian Dannecker |
| author_sort | Johanna Mittelberger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease which is characterized by abnormal placentation, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. Several studies have shown that the maternal immune system, which is crucial for maintaining the pregnancy by ensuring maternal-fetal-tolerance, is disrupted in preeclamptic patients. Besides different immune cells, immune checkpoint molecules such as the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1 system) and the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3/Galectin-9 (TIM-3/Gal-9 system) are key players in upholding the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals. Therefore, a clear understanding about the role of these immune checkpoint molecules in preeclampsia is essential. This review discusses the role of these two immune checkpoint systems in pregnancy and their alterations in preeclampsia. |
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| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:29:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-60214dc9ca4e4f799c26d2f95d9d88032023-11-23T20:58:53ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442022-01-0158215710.3390/medicina58020157The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative ReviewJohanna Mittelberger0Marina Seefried1Manuela Franitza2Fabian Garrido3Nina Ditsch4Udo Jeschke5Christian Dannecker6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156 Augsburg, GermanyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156 Augsburg, GermanyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156 Augsburg, GermanyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156 Augsburg, GermanyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156 Augsburg, GermanyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156 Augsburg, GermanyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Stenglinstraße 2, 86156 Augsburg, GermanyPreeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease which is characterized by abnormal placentation, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. Several studies have shown that the maternal immune system, which is crucial for maintaining the pregnancy by ensuring maternal-fetal-tolerance, is disrupted in preeclamptic patients. Besides different immune cells, immune checkpoint molecules such as the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1 system) and the T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3/Galectin-9 (TIM-3/Gal-9 system) are key players in upholding the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals. Therefore, a clear understanding about the role of these immune checkpoint molecules in preeclampsia is essential. This review discusses the role of these two immune checkpoint systems in pregnancy and their alterations in preeclampsia.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/2/157preeclampsiaimmune checkpoint moleculesPD-1PD-L1TIM-3Gal-9 |
| spellingShingle | Johanna Mittelberger Marina Seefried Manuela Franitza Fabian Garrido Nina Ditsch Udo Jeschke Christian Dannecker The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review Medicina preeclampsia immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 PD-L1 TIM-3 Gal-9 |
| title | The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review |
| title_full | The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review |
| title_fullStr | The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review |
| title_short | The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review |
| title_sort | role of the immune checkpoint molecules pd 1 pd l1 and tim 3 gal 9 in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia a narrative review |
| topic | preeclampsia immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 PD-L1 TIM-3 Gal-9 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/2/157 |
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