The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review

The Role of the Immune Checkpoint Molecules PD-1/PD-L1 and TIM-3/Gal-9 in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia—A Narrative Review

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease which is characterized by abnormal placentation, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. Several studies have shown that the maternal immune system, which is crucial for maintaining the pregnancy by ensuring maternal-fetal-tolerance, is disrup...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Johanna Mittelberger, Marina Seefried, Manuela Franitza, Fabian Garrido, Nina Ditsch, Udo Jeschke, Christian Dannecker
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2022-01-01
Series:	Medicina
Subjects:	preeclampsia immune checkpoint molecules PD-1 PD-L1 TIM-3 Gal-9
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/2/157

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