Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary Cancers
Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and biliary tract cancers (BTCs) have poor survival rates and a low likelihood of a cure, especially in advanced-stage disease. Early diagnosis is crucial and can significantly improve survival rates through curative treatment approaches. Current guidelines recommend abdo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3880 |
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| author | Hasan Çağrı Yıldırım Gozde Kavgaci Elvin Chalabiyev Omer Dizdar |
| author_facet | Hasan Çağrı Yıldırım Gozde Kavgaci Elvin Chalabiyev Omer Dizdar |
| author_sort | Hasan Çağrı Yıldırım |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and biliary tract cancers (BTCs) have poor survival rates and a low likelihood of a cure, especially in advanced-stage disease. Early diagnosis is crucial and can significantly improve survival rates through curative treatment approaches. Current guidelines recommend abdominal ultrasonography (USG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) monitoring for HCC screening in high-risk groups, and abdominal USG, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) monitoring for biliary tract cancer. However, despite this screening strategy, many high-risk individuals still develop advanced-stage HCC and BTC. Blood-based biomarkers are being developed for use in HCC or BTC high-risk groups. Studies on AFP, AFP-L3, des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin, glypican-3 (GPC3), osteopontin (OPN), midkine (MK), neopterin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), Mac-2-binding protein (M2BP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and interleukin-6 biomarkers for HCC screening have shown promising results when evaluated individually or in combination. In the case of BTCs, the potential applications of circulating tumor DNA, circulating microRNA, and circulating tumor cells in diagnosis are also promising. These biomarkers have shown potential in detecting BTCs in early stages, which can significantly improve patient outcomes. Additionally, these biomarkers hold promise for monitoring disease progression and evaluating response to therapy in BTC patients. However, further research is necessary to fully understand the clinical utility of these biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of HCC and BTCs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:30:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60303255f5864c3cafd438e795ed28f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:30:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-60303255f5864c3cafd438e795ed28f62023-11-18T22:42:39ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-07-011515388010.3390/cancers15153880Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary CancersHasan Çağrı Yıldırım0Gozde Kavgaci1Elvin Chalabiyev2Omer Dizdar3Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, TurkeyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, TurkeyHepatocellular cancer (HCC) and biliary tract cancers (BTCs) have poor survival rates and a low likelihood of a cure, especially in advanced-stage disease. Early diagnosis is crucial and can significantly improve survival rates through curative treatment approaches. Current guidelines recommend abdominal ultrasonography (USG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) monitoring for HCC screening in high-risk groups, and abdominal USG, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) monitoring for biliary tract cancer. However, despite this screening strategy, many high-risk individuals still develop advanced-stage HCC and BTC. Blood-based biomarkers are being developed for use in HCC or BTC high-risk groups. Studies on AFP, AFP-L3, des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin, glypican-3 (GPC3), osteopontin (OPN), midkine (MK), neopterin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), Mac-2-binding protein (M2BP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and interleukin-6 biomarkers for HCC screening have shown promising results when evaluated individually or in combination. In the case of BTCs, the potential applications of circulating tumor DNA, circulating microRNA, and circulating tumor cells in diagnosis are also promising. These biomarkers have shown potential in detecting BTCs in early stages, which can significantly improve patient outcomes. Additionally, these biomarkers hold promise for monitoring disease progression and evaluating response to therapy in BTC patients. However, further research is necessary to fully understand the clinical utility of these biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of HCC and BTCs.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3880biomarkersearly detectionhepatocellular cancerbiliary tract cancer |
| spellingShingle | Hasan Çağrı Yıldırım Gozde Kavgaci Elvin Chalabiyev Omer Dizdar Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary Cancers Cancers biomarkers early detection hepatocellular cancer biliary tract cancer |
| title | Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary Cancers |
| title_full | Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary Cancers |
| title_fullStr | Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary Cancers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary Cancers |
| title_short | Advances in the Early Detection of Hepatobiliary Cancers |
| title_sort | advances in the early detection of hepatobiliary cancers |
| topic | biomarkers early detection hepatocellular cancer biliary tract cancer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3880 |
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