Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trial
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of spinal anesthesia (SPA), paracervical block (PB), and general anesthesia (GA), on pain, the frequency of nausea and vomiting and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy.MethodsThis single-center, non-randomized, parallel-group, c...
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| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1089497/full |
| _version_ | 1811162368954073088 |
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| author | Nahid Manouchehrian Shamim Pilehvari Farshid Rahimi-Bashar Farzaneh Esna-Ashari Shaghayegh Mohammadi |
| author_facet | Nahid Manouchehrian Shamim Pilehvari Farshid Rahimi-Bashar Farzaneh Esna-Ashari Shaghayegh Mohammadi |
| author_sort | Nahid Manouchehrian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of spinal anesthesia (SPA), paracervical block (PB), and general anesthesia (GA), on pain, the frequency of nausea and vomiting and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy.MethodsThis single-center, non-randomized, parallel-group, clinical trial was conducted on 66 diagnostic hysteroscopy candidates who were selected by convenience sampling at Fatemieh Hospital, in Hamadan, Iran, in 2021.ResultsThe mean pain score during recovery and the need for analgesic injections was found to be significantly higher in the GA group compared to that in the SPA group (pain: 3.77 ± 2.25 vs. 0.10 ± 0.30, P < 0.001), (analgesic: 50 vs. 0%, P < 0.001) and PB group (pain: 3.77 ± 2.25 vs. 0.90 ± 1.37, P < 0.001), (analgesic 50 vs. 10%, P < 0.001), respectively. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the mean pain score between SPA and PB groups (0.10 ± 0.30 vs. 0.90 ± 1.3, P = 0.661). In addition, there were no significant differences between groups on nausea/vomiting after operation (P = 0.382). In adjusted regression analysis (adjusting for age, weight, gravid, abortion, and cause of hysteroscopy), the odds ratio (OR) of pain score during recovery was increased in PB (OR: 4.471, 95% CI: 1.527–6.156, P = 0.018) and GA (OR: 8.406, 95% CI: 2.421–9.195, P = 0.001) groups compared with the SPA group. However, in adjusting based on times of surgery duration, anesthesia duration, recovery and return of motor function, the ORs of pain score between groups was not statistically significant.ConclusionDespite reduced pain during recovery in patients receiving SPA, duration of anesthesia, recovery period, and return of motor function were significantly prolonged compared to those receiving PB or GA. It seems that PB with less recovery time and faster return of motor function than SPA and also mild pain during recovery compared to GA can be a good option for hysteroscopy.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.irct.ir, identifier IRCT20120915010841N26. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:28:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6039ff77a9c84916880057f43ba1bebb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:28:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-6039ff77a9c84916880057f43ba1bebb2023-03-01T17:03:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2023-03-011010.3389/fmed.2023.10894971089497Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trialNahid Manouchehrian0Shamim Pilehvari1Farshid Rahimi-Bashar2Farzaneh Esna-Ashari3Shaghayegh Mohammadi4Department of Anesthesiology, Fatemi Medical Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranDepartment of Gynecology, Fatemi Medical Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranDepartment of Anesthesiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranDepartment of Community Medicine, Medical Sciences Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranMedical Sciences Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, IranBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of spinal anesthesia (SPA), paracervical block (PB), and general anesthesia (GA), on pain, the frequency of nausea and vomiting and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy.MethodsThis single-center, non-randomized, parallel-group, clinical trial was conducted on 66 diagnostic hysteroscopy candidates who were selected by convenience sampling at Fatemieh Hospital, in Hamadan, Iran, in 2021.ResultsThe mean pain score during recovery and the need for analgesic injections was found to be significantly higher in the GA group compared to that in the SPA group (pain: 3.77 ± 2.25 vs. 0.10 ± 0.30, P < 0.001), (analgesic: 50 vs. 0%, P < 0.001) and PB group (pain: 3.77 ± 2.25 vs. 0.90 ± 1.37, P < 0.001), (analgesic 50 vs. 10%, P < 0.001), respectively. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the mean pain score between SPA and PB groups (0.10 ± 0.30 vs. 0.90 ± 1.3, P = 0.661). In addition, there were no significant differences between groups on nausea/vomiting after operation (P = 0.382). In adjusted regression analysis (adjusting for age, weight, gravid, abortion, and cause of hysteroscopy), the odds ratio (OR) of pain score during recovery was increased in PB (OR: 4.471, 95% CI: 1.527–6.156, P = 0.018) and GA (OR: 8.406, 95% CI: 2.421–9.195, P = 0.001) groups compared with the SPA group. However, in adjusting based on times of surgery duration, anesthesia duration, recovery and return of motor function, the ORs of pain score between groups was not statistically significant.ConclusionDespite reduced pain during recovery in patients receiving SPA, duration of anesthesia, recovery period, and return of motor function were significantly prolonged compared to those receiving PB or GA. It seems that PB with less recovery time and faster return of motor function than SPA and also mild pain during recovery compared to GA can be a good option for hysteroscopy.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.irct.ir, identifier IRCT20120915010841N26.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1089497/fullhysteroscopyanesthesiaparacervicalgeneral anesthesiaspinal anesthesia |
| spellingShingle | Nahid Manouchehrian Shamim Pilehvari Farshid Rahimi-Bashar Farzaneh Esna-Ashari Shaghayegh Mohammadi Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trial Frontiers in Medicine hysteroscopy anesthesia paracervical general anesthesia spinal anesthesia |
| title | Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trial |
| title_full | Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trial |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trial |
| title_short | Comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia, paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain, nausea and vomiting, and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy: A non-randomized clinical trial |
| title_sort | comparison of the effects of spinal anesthesia paracervical block and general anesthesia on pain nausea and vomiting and analgesic requirements in diagnostic hysteroscopy a non randomized clinical trial |
| topic | hysteroscopy anesthesia paracervical general anesthesia spinal anesthesia |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1089497/full |
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