Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical Dilemma
Due to its very early introduction, cow’s milk is one of the first foods that can cause adverse reactions in human beings. Lactose intolerance (LI) and cow’s milk allergy (CMA) are the most common adverse reactions to cow’s milk. While LI is due to insufficient small intestinal lactase activity and/...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/414 |
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| author | Andy Darma Khadijah Rizky Sumitro Juandy Jo Nova Sitorus |
| author_facet | Andy Darma Khadijah Rizky Sumitro Juandy Jo Nova Sitorus |
| author_sort | Andy Darma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to its very early introduction, cow’s milk is one of the first foods that can cause adverse reactions in human beings. Lactose intolerance (LI) and cow’s milk allergy (CMA) are the most common adverse reactions to cow’s milk. While LI is due to insufficient small intestinal lactase activity and/or a large quantity of ingested lactose, CMA is an aberrant immune reaction to cow’s milk proteins, particularly casein or β-lactoglobulin. However, the clinical manifestations of LI and CMA, particularly their gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, are very similar, which might lead to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis as well as nutritional risks due to inappropriate dietary interventions or unnecessary dietary restriction. Formula-fed infants with LI should be treated with formula with reduced or no lactose, while those with CMA should be treated with formula containing extensive hydrolyzed cow’s milk protein or amino acids. This review is therefore written to assist clinicians to better understand the pathophysiologies of LI and CMA as well as to recognize the similarities and differences between clinical manifestations of LI and CMA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:50:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-604bf714844f4677bb6c6d5686e69e25 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:50:42Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-604bf714844f4677bb6c6d5686e69e252024-02-09T15:19:53ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432024-01-0116341410.3390/nu16030414Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical DilemmaAndy Darma0Khadijah Rizky Sumitro1Juandy Jo2Nova Sitorus3Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya 60286, IndonesiaDepartment of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya 60286, IndonesiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang 15811, IndonesiaDanone Specialized Nutrition Indonesia, Jakarta 12940, IndonesiaDue to its very early introduction, cow’s milk is one of the first foods that can cause adverse reactions in human beings. Lactose intolerance (LI) and cow’s milk allergy (CMA) are the most common adverse reactions to cow’s milk. While LI is due to insufficient small intestinal lactase activity and/or a large quantity of ingested lactose, CMA is an aberrant immune reaction to cow’s milk proteins, particularly casein or β-lactoglobulin. However, the clinical manifestations of LI and CMA, particularly their gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, are very similar, which might lead to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis as well as nutritional risks due to inappropriate dietary interventions or unnecessary dietary restriction. Formula-fed infants with LI should be treated with formula with reduced or no lactose, while those with CMA should be treated with formula containing extensive hydrolyzed cow’s milk protein or amino acids. This review is therefore written to assist clinicians to better understand the pathophysiologies of LI and CMA as well as to recognize the similarities and differences between clinical manifestations of LI and CMA.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/414cow’s milkproteinlactaselactose intoleranceallergy |
| spellingShingle | Andy Darma Khadijah Rizky Sumitro Juandy Jo Nova Sitorus Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical Dilemma Nutrients cow’s milk protein lactase lactose intolerance allergy |
| title | Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical Dilemma |
| title_full | Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical Dilemma |
| title_fullStr | Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical Dilemma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical Dilemma |
| title_short | Lactose Intolerance versus Cow’s Milk Allergy in Infants: A Clinical Dilemma |
| title_sort | lactose intolerance versus cow s milk allergy in infants a clinical dilemma |
| topic | cow’s milk protein lactase lactose intolerance allergy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/414 |
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