Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced Exercise
It has been demonstrated that physical activity contributes to a healthier life. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the neural mechanisms producing these effects. One of the keystones to deal with this problem is to use training programs with equal loads of physical activity. However, irreg...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00410/full |
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| author | Angel Toval Angel Toval Francisco Vicente-Conesa Francisco Vicente-Conesa Paloma Martínez-Ortega Paloma Martínez-Ortega Yevheniy Kutsenko Yevheniy Kutsenko Nicanor Morales-Delgado Nicanor Morales-Delgado Nicanor Morales-Delgado Daniel Garrigos Daniel Garrigos Antonia Alonso Antonia Alonso Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto Miroljub Popović Miroljub Popović José Luis Ferran José Luis Ferran |
| author_facet | Angel Toval Angel Toval Francisco Vicente-Conesa Francisco Vicente-Conesa Paloma Martínez-Ortega Paloma Martínez-Ortega Yevheniy Kutsenko Yevheniy Kutsenko Nicanor Morales-Delgado Nicanor Morales-Delgado Nicanor Morales-Delgado Daniel Garrigos Daniel Garrigos Antonia Alonso Antonia Alonso Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto Miroljub Popović Miroljub Popović José Luis Ferran José Luis Ferran |
| author_sort | Angel Toval |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It has been demonstrated that physical activity contributes to a healthier life. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the neural mechanisms producing these effects. One of the keystones to deal with this problem is to use training programs with equal loads of physical activity. However, irregular motor and stress responses have been found in murine exercise models. Habituation to forced exercise facilitates a complete response to a training program in all rodents, reaching the same load of physical activity among animals. Here, it was evaluated if glucose and lactate – which are stress biomarkers – are increased during the habituation to exercise. Sprague-Dawley rats received an 8-days habituation protocol with progressive increments of time and speed of running. Then, experimental and control (non-habituated) rats were subjected to an incremental test. Blood samples were obtained to determine plasmatic glucose and lactate levels before, immediately after and 30 min after each session of training. Crh and Avp mRNA expression was determined by two-step qPCR. Our results revealed that glucose and lactate levels are not increased during the habituation period and tend to decrease toward the end of the protocol. Also, Crh and Avp were not chronically activated by the habituation program. Lactate and glucose, determined after the incremental test, were higher in control rats without previous contact with the wheel, compared with habituated and wheel control rats. These results suggest that the implementation of an adaptive phase prior to forced exercise programs might avoid non-specific stress responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:10:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6055f224808b4973a40b653f849e5739 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:10:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6055f224808b4973a40b653f849e57392022-12-21T19:57:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2020-05-011110.3389/fphys.2020.00410521765Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced ExerciseAngel Toval0Angel Toval1Francisco Vicente-Conesa2Francisco Vicente-Conesa3Paloma Martínez-Ortega4Paloma Martínez-Ortega5Yevheniy Kutsenko6Yevheniy Kutsenko7Nicanor Morales-Delgado8Nicanor Morales-Delgado9Nicanor Morales-Delgado10Daniel Garrigos11Daniel Garrigos12Antonia Alonso13Antonia Alonso14Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto15Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto16Miroljub Popović17Miroljub Popović18José Luis Ferran19José Luis Ferran20Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Histology and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d’Alacant, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainInstitute of Biomedical Research of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainIt has been demonstrated that physical activity contributes to a healthier life. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the neural mechanisms producing these effects. One of the keystones to deal with this problem is to use training programs with equal loads of physical activity. However, irregular motor and stress responses have been found in murine exercise models. Habituation to forced exercise facilitates a complete response to a training program in all rodents, reaching the same load of physical activity among animals. Here, it was evaluated if glucose and lactate – which are stress biomarkers – are increased during the habituation to exercise. Sprague-Dawley rats received an 8-days habituation protocol with progressive increments of time and speed of running. Then, experimental and control (non-habituated) rats were subjected to an incremental test. Blood samples were obtained to determine plasmatic glucose and lactate levels before, immediately after and 30 min after each session of training. Crh and Avp mRNA expression was determined by two-step qPCR. Our results revealed that glucose and lactate levels are not increased during the habituation period and tend to decrease toward the end of the protocol. Also, Crh and Avp were not chronically activated by the habituation program. Lactate and glucose, determined after the incremental test, were higher in control rats without previous contact with the wheel, compared with habituated and wheel control rats. These results suggest that the implementation of an adaptive phase prior to forced exercise programs might avoid non-specific stress responses.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00410/fullrunning wheelstress responsefamiliarizationincremental testmotor activityparaventricular nucleus |
| spellingShingle | Angel Toval Angel Toval Francisco Vicente-Conesa Francisco Vicente-Conesa Paloma Martínez-Ortega Paloma Martínez-Ortega Yevheniy Kutsenko Yevheniy Kutsenko Nicanor Morales-Delgado Nicanor Morales-Delgado Nicanor Morales-Delgado Daniel Garrigos Daniel Garrigos Antonia Alonso Antonia Alonso Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto Bruno Ribeiro Do Couto Miroljub Popović Miroljub Popović José Luis Ferran José Luis Ferran Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced Exercise Frontiers in Physiology running wheel stress response familiarization incremental test motor activity paraventricular nucleus |
| title | Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced Exercise |
| title_full | Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced Exercise |
| title_fullStr | Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced Exercise |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced Exercise |
| title_short | Hypothalamic Crh/Avp, Plasmatic Glucose and Lactate Remain Unchanged During Habituation to Forced Exercise |
| title_sort | hypothalamic crh avp plasmatic glucose and lactate remain unchanged during habituation to forced exercise |
| topic | running wheel stress response familiarization incremental test motor activity paraventricular nucleus |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.00410/full |
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