Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats.
Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compile...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2020-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233872 |
| _version_ | 1818583597692485632 |
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| author | Kendra E Walters Jennifer B H Martiny |
| author_facet | Kendra E Walters Jennifer B H Martiny |
| author_sort | Kendra E Walters |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages displayed the highest gamma-diversity. Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta- diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:07:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-605e9eaa0df14922a888e95b6bf99b59 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T08:07:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-605e9eaa0df14922a888e95b6bf99b592022-12-21T22:38:25ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032020-01-01159e023387210.1371/journal.pone.0233872Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats.Kendra E WaltersJennifer B H MartinyBacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most diverse organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages displayed the highest gamma-diversity. Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta- diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233872 |
| spellingShingle | Kendra E Walters Jennifer B H Martiny Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats. PLoS ONE |
| title | Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats. |
| title_full | Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats. |
| title_fullStr | Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats. |
| title_short | Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats. |
| title_sort | alpha beta and gamma diversity of bacteria varies across habitats |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233872 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kendraewalters alphabetaandgammadiversityofbacteriavariesacrosshabitats AT jenniferbhmartiny alphabetaandgammadiversityofbacteriavariesacrosshabitats |