An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional Features
The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is unable to represent the directional features of an image. Similarly, a fixed embedding strength is not able to establish an ideal balance between imperceptibility and robustness of a watermarked image. In this work, we propose an adaptive embedding strength wa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/8/1377 |
| _version_ | 1797557529068175360 |
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| author | Qiumei Zheng Nan Liu Fenghua Wang |
| author_facet | Qiumei Zheng Nan Liu Fenghua Wang |
| author_sort | Qiumei Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is unable to represent the directional features of an image. Similarly, a fixed embedding strength is not able to establish an ideal balance between imperceptibility and robustness of a watermarked image. In this work, we propose an adaptive embedding strength watermarking algorithm based on shearlets’ capture directional features (S-AES). We improve the watermarking algorithm in the domain of DWT using non-subsampled shearlet transform (NSST). The improvement is made in terms of coping with anti-geometric attacks. The embedding strength is optimized by artificial bee colony (ABC) to achieve higher robustness under the premise of satisfying imperceptibility. The principle components (PC) of the watermark are embedded into the host image to overcome the false positive problem. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better imperceptibility and strong robustness against multi-attacks, especially those of high intensity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:18:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-607b40fcccfa4413b69132d0ef45fc30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:18:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj.art-607b40fcccfa4413b69132d0ef45fc302023-11-20T10:24:38ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902020-08-0188137710.3390/math8081377An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional FeaturesQiumei Zheng0Nan Liu1Fenghua Wang2College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, ChinaCollege of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, ChinaThe discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is unable to represent the directional features of an image. Similarly, a fixed embedding strength is not able to establish an ideal balance between imperceptibility and robustness of a watermarked image. In this work, we propose an adaptive embedding strength watermarking algorithm based on shearlets’ capture directional features (S-AES). We improve the watermarking algorithm in the domain of DWT using non-subsampled shearlet transform (NSST). The improvement is made in terms of coping with anti-geometric attacks. The embedding strength is optimized by artificial bee colony (ABC) to achieve higher robustness under the premise of satisfying imperceptibility. The principle components (PC) of the watermark are embedded into the host image to overcome the false positive problem. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better imperceptibility and strong robustness against multi-attacks, especially those of high intensity.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/8/1377non-subsampled shearlet transformartificial bee colonyprinciple componentsfalse positive problem |
| spellingShingle | Qiumei Zheng Nan Liu Fenghua Wang An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional Features Mathematics non-subsampled shearlet transform artificial bee colony principle components false positive problem |
| title | An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional Features |
| title_full | An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional Features |
| title_fullStr | An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional Features |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional Features |
| title_short | An Adaptive Embedding Strength Watermarking Algorithm Based on Shearlets’ Capture Directional Features |
| title_sort | adaptive embedding strength watermarking algorithm based on shearlets capture directional features |
| topic | non-subsampled shearlet transform artificial bee colony principle components false positive problem |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/8/8/1377 |
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