Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas species
Chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae), also known as non-biting midges, are one of the most abundant groups of insects in aquatic habitats. They undergo a complete metamorphosis of four life stages of which three are aquatic (egg, larva, pupa), and the adult emerges into the air. Chironomids serve as...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00736/full |
| _version_ | 1828466306278490112 |
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| author | Sivan eLaviad Malka eHalpern Malka eHalpern |
| author_facet | Sivan eLaviad Malka eHalpern Malka eHalpern |
| author_sort | Sivan eLaviad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae), also known as non-biting midges, are one of the most abundant groups of insects in aquatic habitats. They undergo a complete metamorphosis of four life stages of which three are aquatic (egg, larva, pupa), and the adult emerges into the air. Chironomids serve as a natural reservoir of Aeromonas and Vibrio cholerae species. Here we review existing knowledge about the mutual relations between Aeromonas species and chironomids. Using 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we found that the prevalence of Aeromonas species in the insects’ egg masses and larvae was 1.6% and 3.3% of the insects’ endogenous microbiota, respectively. Aeromonas abundance per egg mass remained stable during a six-month period of bacterial monitoring. Different Aeromonas species were isolated and some demonstrated the ability to degrade the insect’s egg masses and to prevent eggs hatching. Chitinase was identified as the enzyme responsible for the egg mass degradation. Different Aeromonas species isolated from chironomids demonstrated the potential to protect their host from toxic metals. Aeromonas is a causative agent of fish infections. Fish are frequently recorded as feeding on chironomids. Thus, fish might be infected with Aeromonas species via chironomid consumption. Aeromonas strains are also responsible for causing gastroenteritis and wound infections in humans. Different virulence genes were identified in Aeromonas species isolated from chironomids. Chironomids may infest drinking water reservoirs, hence be the source of pathogenic Aeromonas strains in drinking water. Chironomids and Aeromonas species have a complicated mutual relationship. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:48:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6090d2d06bbe480b9a6ac382f9af0a45 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:48:28Z |
| publishDate | 2016-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-6090d2d06bbe480b9a6ac382f9af0a452022-12-22T01:21:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-05-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.00736198146Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas speciesSivan eLaviad0Malka eHalpern1Malka eHalpern2Univ. of HaifaUniv. of HaifaUniv. of HaifaChironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae), also known as non-biting midges, are one of the most abundant groups of insects in aquatic habitats. They undergo a complete metamorphosis of four life stages of which three are aquatic (egg, larva, pupa), and the adult emerges into the air. Chironomids serve as a natural reservoir of Aeromonas and Vibrio cholerae species. Here we review existing knowledge about the mutual relations between Aeromonas species and chironomids. Using 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we found that the prevalence of Aeromonas species in the insects’ egg masses and larvae was 1.6% and 3.3% of the insects’ endogenous microbiota, respectively. Aeromonas abundance per egg mass remained stable during a six-month period of bacterial monitoring. Different Aeromonas species were isolated and some demonstrated the ability to degrade the insect’s egg masses and to prevent eggs hatching. Chitinase was identified as the enzyme responsible for the egg mass degradation. Different Aeromonas species isolated from chironomids demonstrated the potential to protect their host from toxic metals. Aeromonas is a causative agent of fish infections. Fish are frequently recorded as feeding on chironomids. Thus, fish might be infected with Aeromonas species via chironomid consumption. Aeromonas strains are also responsible for causing gastroenteritis and wound infections in humans. Different virulence genes were identified in Aeromonas species isolated from chironomids. Chironomids may infest drinking water reservoirs, hence be the source of pathogenic Aeromonas strains in drinking water. Chironomids and Aeromonas species have a complicated mutual relationship.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00736/fullAeromonasChitinaseVibrio choleraevirulence genesEgg masschironomid |
| spellingShingle | Sivan eLaviad Malka eHalpern Malka eHalpern Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas species Frontiers in Microbiology Aeromonas Chitinase Vibrio cholerae virulence genes Egg mass chironomid |
| title | Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas species |
| title_full | Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas species |
| title_fullStr | Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas species |
| title_short | Relation of chironomids with Aeromonas species |
| title_sort | relation of chironomids with aeromonas species |
| topic | Aeromonas Chitinase Vibrio cholerae virulence genes Egg mass chironomid |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00736/full |
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