The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 b
We present the highest fidelity spectrum to date of a planetary-mass object. VHS 1256 b is a <20 M _Jup widely separated (∼8″, a = 150 au), young, planetary-mass companion that shares photometric colors and spectroscopic features with the directly imaged exoplanets HR 8799c, d, and e. As an L-to-...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acb04a |
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author | Brittany E. Miles Beth A. Biller Polychronis Patapis Kadin Worthen Emily Rickman Kielan K. W. Hoch Andrew Skemer Marshall D. Perrin Niall Whiteford Christine H. Chen B. Sargent Sagnick Mukherjee Caroline V. Morley Sarah E. Moran Mickael Bonnefoy Simon Petrus Aarynn L. Carter Elodie Choquet Sasha Hinkley Kimberly Ward-Duong Jarron M. Leisenring Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer Laurent Pueyo Shrishmoy Ray Steph Sallum Karl R. Stapelfeldt Jordan M. Stone Jason J. Wang Olivier Absil William O. Balmer Anthony Boccaletti Mariangela Bonavita Mark Booth Brendan P. Bowler Gael Chauvin Valentin Christiaens Thayne Currie Camilla Danielski Jonathan J. Fortney Julien H. Girard Carol A. Grady Alexandra Z. Greenbaum Thomas Henning Dean C. Hines Markus Janson Paul Kalas Jens Kammerer Grant M. Kennedy Matthew A. Kenworthy Pierre Kervella Pierre-Olivier Lagage Ben W. P. Lew Michael C. Liu Bruce Macintosh Sebastian Marino Mark S. Marley Christian Marois Elisabeth C. Matthews Brenda C. Matthews Dimitri Mawet Michael W. McElwain Stanimir Metchev Michael R. Meyer Paul Molliere Eric Pantin Andreas Quirrenbach Isabel Rebollido Bin B. Ren Glenn Schneider Malavika Vasist Mark C. Wyatt Yifan Zhou Zackery W. Briesemeister Marta L. Bryan Per Calissendorff Faustine Cantalloube Gabriele Cugno Matthew De Furio Trent J. Dupuy Samuel M. Factor Jacqueline K. Faherty Michael P. Fitzgerald Kyle Franson Eileen C. Gonzales Callie E. Hood Alex R. Howe Adam L. Kraus Masayuki Kuzuhara Anne-Marie Lagrange Kellen Lawson Cecilia Lazzoni Pengyu Liu Jorge Llop-Sayson James P. Lloyd Raquel A. Martinez Johan Mazoyer Sascha P. Quanz Jea Adams Redai Matthias Samland Joshua E. Schlieder Motohide Tamura Xianyu Tan Taichi Uyama Arthur Vigan Johanna M. Vos Kevin Wagner Schuyler G. Wolff Marie Ygouf Xi Zhang Keming Zhang Zhoujian Zhang |
author_facet | Brittany E. Miles Beth A. Biller Polychronis Patapis Kadin Worthen Emily Rickman Kielan K. W. Hoch Andrew Skemer Marshall D. Perrin Niall Whiteford Christine H. Chen B. Sargent Sagnick Mukherjee Caroline V. Morley Sarah E. Moran Mickael Bonnefoy Simon Petrus Aarynn L. Carter Elodie Choquet Sasha Hinkley Kimberly Ward-Duong Jarron M. Leisenring Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer Laurent Pueyo Shrishmoy Ray Steph Sallum Karl R. Stapelfeldt Jordan M. Stone Jason J. Wang Olivier Absil William O. Balmer Anthony Boccaletti Mariangela Bonavita Mark Booth Brendan P. Bowler Gael Chauvin Valentin Christiaens Thayne Currie Camilla Danielski Jonathan J. Fortney Julien H. Girard Carol A. Grady Alexandra Z. Greenbaum Thomas Henning Dean C. Hines Markus Janson Paul Kalas Jens Kammerer Grant M. Kennedy Matthew A. Kenworthy Pierre Kervella Pierre-Olivier Lagage Ben W. P. Lew Michael C. Liu Bruce Macintosh Sebastian Marino Mark S. Marley Christian Marois Elisabeth C. Matthews Brenda C. Matthews Dimitri Mawet Michael W. McElwain Stanimir Metchev Michael R. Meyer Paul Molliere Eric Pantin Andreas Quirrenbach Isabel Rebollido Bin B. Ren Glenn Schneider Malavika Vasist Mark C. Wyatt Yifan Zhou Zackery W. Briesemeister Marta L. Bryan Per Calissendorff Faustine Cantalloube Gabriele Cugno Matthew De Furio Trent J. Dupuy Samuel M. Factor Jacqueline K. Faherty Michael P. Fitzgerald Kyle Franson Eileen C. Gonzales Callie E. Hood Alex R. Howe Adam L. Kraus Masayuki Kuzuhara Anne-Marie Lagrange Kellen Lawson Cecilia Lazzoni Pengyu Liu Jorge Llop-Sayson James P. Lloyd Raquel A. Martinez Johan Mazoyer Sascha P. Quanz Jea Adams Redai Matthias Samland Joshua E. Schlieder Motohide Tamura Xianyu Tan Taichi Uyama Arthur Vigan Johanna M. Vos Kevin Wagner Schuyler G. Wolff Marie Ygouf Xi Zhang Keming Zhang Zhoujian Zhang |
author_sort | Brittany E. Miles |
collection | DOAJ |
description | We present the highest fidelity spectrum to date of a planetary-mass object. VHS 1256 b is a <20 M _Jup widely separated (∼8″, a = 150 au), young, planetary-mass companion that shares photometric colors and spectroscopic features with the directly imaged exoplanets HR 8799c, d, and e. As an L-to-T transition object, VHS 1256 b exists along the region of the color–magnitude diagram where substellar atmospheres transition from cloudy to clear. We observed VHS 1256 b with JWST's NIRSpec IFU and MIRI MRS modes for coverage from 1 to 20 μ m at resolutions of ∼1000–3700. Water, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sodium, and potassium are observed in several portions of the JWST spectrum based on comparisons from template brown dwarf spectra, molecular opacities, and atmospheric models. The spectral shape of VHS 1256 b is influenced by disequilibrium chemistry and clouds. We directly detect silicate clouds, the first such detection reported for a planetary-mass companion. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:57:43Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-609b4a5791904150a923fb2ad2947ca8 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2041-8205 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:57:43Z |
publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
publisher | IOP Publishing |
record_format | Article |
series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
spelling | doaj.art-609b4a5791904150a923fb2ad2947ca82023-12-08T13:06:13ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052023-01-019461L610.3847/2041-8213/acb04aThe JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 bBrittany E. Miles0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-4602Beth A. Biller1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4614-7035Polychronis Patapis2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-3732Kadin Worthen3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5885-5779Emily Rickman4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4203-9715Kielan K. W. Hoch5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9803-8255Andrew Skemer6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-3924Marshall D. Perrin7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3191-8151Niall Whiteford8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8818-1544Christine H. Chen9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8382-0447B. Sargent10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9855-8261Sagnick Mukherjee11https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-1302Caroline V. Morley12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-0456Sarah E. Moran13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6721-3284Mickael Bonnefoy14https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-5339Simon Petrus15https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0331-3654Aarynn L. Carter16https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5365-4815Elodie Choquet17https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9173-0740Sasha Hinkley18https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8074-2562Kimberly Ward-Duong19https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4479-8291Jarron M. Leisenring20https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0834-6140Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer21https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6205-9233Laurent Pueyo22Shrishmoy Ray23https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-3911Steph Sallum24https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-6775Karl R. Stapelfeldt25https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2805-7338Jordan M. Stone26https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0454-3718Jason J. Wang27https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-6502Olivier Absil28https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4006-6237William O. Balmer29https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-8439Anthony Boccaletti30https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9353-2724Mariangela Bonavita31https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7520-8389Mark Booth32https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8568-6336Brendan P. Bowler33https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2649-2288Gael Chauvin34https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4022-8598Valentin Christiaens35https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0101-8814Thayne Currie36https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7405-3119Camilla Danielski37https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-2663Jonathan J. Fortney38https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9843-4354Julien H. Girard39https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-0404Carol A. Grady40Alexandra Z. Greenbaum41https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7162-8036Thomas Henning42https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1493-300XDean C. Hines43https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-6161Markus Janson44https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-593XPaul Kalas45https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6221-5360Jens Kammerer46https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2769-0438Grant M. Kennedy47https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-7547Matthew A. Kenworthy48https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7064-8270Pierre Kervella49https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-1749Pierre-Olivier Lagage50Ben W. P. Lew51https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1487-6452Michael C. Liu52https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-7664Bruce Macintosh53https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1212-7538Sebastian Marino54https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-2924Mark S. Marley55https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-2943Christian Marois56https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-4182Elisabeth C. Matthews57https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-1560Brenda C. Matthews58https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3017-9577Dimitri Mawet59https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8895-4735Michael W. McElwain60https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0241-8956Stanimir Metchev61https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3050-8203Michael R. Meyer62https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1227-3084Paul Molliere63https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-7067Eric Pantin64https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6472-2844Andreas Quirrenbach65Isabel Rebollido66https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4388-6417Bin B. Ren67https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-9696Glenn Schneider68https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-5966Malavika Vasist69https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-3602Mark C. Wyatt70https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-5598Yifan Zhou71https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-6040Zackery W. Briesemeister72https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1764-2494Marta L. Bryan73https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-5967Per Calissendorff74https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-0616Faustine Cantalloube75https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-3780Gabriele Cugno76https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7255-3251Matthew De Furio77https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1863-4960Trent J. Dupuy78https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-1445Samuel M. Factor79https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8332-8516Jacqueline K. Faherty80https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6251-0573Michael P. Fitzgerald81https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0176-8973Kyle Franson82https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4557-414XEileen C. Gonzales83https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4636-6676Callie E. Hood84https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-7889Alex R. Howe85https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-7150Adam L. Kraus86https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9811-568XMasayuki Kuzuhara87https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4677-9182Anne-Marie Lagrange88Kellen Lawson89https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6964-8732Cecilia Lazzoni90https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7819-9003Pengyu Liu91https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7047-0874Jorge Llop-Sayson92https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3414-784XJames P. Lloyd93Raquel A. Martinez94https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6301-896XJohan Mazoyer95https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9133-3091Sascha P. Quanz96https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3829-7412Jea Adams Redai97https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4489-3168Matthias Samland98https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9992-4067Joshua E. Schlieder99https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5347-7062Motohide Tamura100https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-0681Xianyu Tan101https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2278-6932Taichi Uyama102https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6879-3030Arthur Vigan103https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-7828Johanna M. Vos104https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-1528Kevin Wagner105https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-6343Schuyler G. Wolff106https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9977-8255Marie Ygouf107https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7591-2731Xi Zhang108https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8706-6963Keming Zhang109https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-5695Zhoujian Zhang110https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3726-4881Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA; Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAScottish Universities Physics Alliance, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK; Centre for Exoplanet Science, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKInstitute of Particle Physics and Astrophysics , ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAEuropean Space Agency (ESA), ESA Office, Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, MD 21218, USA; Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USACenter for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USACenter for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USADepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USADepartment of Planetary Sciences, Lunar & Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USAUniversité Grenoble Alpes , Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique (IPAG), F-38000 Grenoble, FranceInstituto de Física y Astronomía Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso , Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, Chile; Núcleo Milenio Formacíon Planetaria—NPF, Universidad de Valparaíso , Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaíso, ChileDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAAix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceUniversity of Exeter , Astrophysics Group, Physics Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UKDepartment of Astronomy, Smith College , Northampton, MA, 01063, USASteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USAUniversity of Exeter , Astrophysics Group, Physics Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UKDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , Mail Stop 321-100, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena CA 91109 USANaval Research Laboratory, Remote Sensing Division , 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375 USACenter for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USASTAR Institute, Université de Liège , Allée du Six Août 19c, B-4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Space Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USALESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, FranceSchool of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University , Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UKAstrophysikalisches Institut und Universitätssternwarte, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena , Schillergäßchen2-3, D-07745 Jena, GermanyDepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USALaboratoire J.-L. Lagrange, Université Cote dÕAzur , CNRS, Observatoire de la Cote dÕAzur, F-06304 Nice, FranceSTAR Institute, Université de Liège , Allée du Six Août 19c, B-4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas-San Antonio , 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX, USA; Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A‘ohōkū Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USAInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía , CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, SpainDepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USAEureka Scientific , 2452 Delmer Street, Suite 1, Oakland CA, 96402, USAIPAC, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAMPI for Astronomy, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, GermanySpace Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Astronomy, Stockholm University , AlbaNova University Center, SE-10691 Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Astronomy, 501 Campbell Hall, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USA; SETI Institute , Carl Sagan Center, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View CA 94043, USA; Institute of Astrophysics , FORTH, GR-71110 Heraklion, GreeceSpace Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USADepartment of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UKLeiden Observatory, Leiden University , P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The NetherlandsLESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, FranceUniversité Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité , CEA, CNRS, AIM, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceBay Area Environmental Research Institute and NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USAInstitute for Astronomy, University of Hawai’i , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu HI 96822, USAKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford California 94305, USAJesus College, University of Cambridge , Jesus Lane, Cambridge CB5 8BL, UK; Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKDepartment of Planetary Sciences, Lunar & Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USANational Research Council of CanadaObservatoire de l’Université de Genève , Chemin Pegasi 51, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandHerzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics Research Centre , National Research Council of Canada, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, CanadaDepartment of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USAExoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAWestern University , Department of Physics & Astronomy and Institute for Earth and Space Exploration, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, CanadaDepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan , 1085 S. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, GermanyIRFU/DAp Département D’Astrophysique CE Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceLandessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg , Königstuhl 12, D-69117 Heidelberg, GermanySpace Telescope Science Institute , Baltimore, MD 21218, USAUniversité Grenoble Alpes , Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique (IPAG), F-38000 Grenoble, FranceSteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USASTAR Institute, Université de Liège , Allée du Six Août 19c, B-4000 Liège, BelgiumInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UKDepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USANASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USADepartment of Astronomy, 501 Campbell Hall, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan , 1085 S. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USAAix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceDepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UKDepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USADepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USAUniversity of California , Los Angeles, 430 Portola Plaza Box 951547, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USADepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Astronomy and Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell University , 122 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, NY 14853, USAAstrobiology Center of NINS , 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan; NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAUniversity of Exeter , School of Physics and Astronomy, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UKDepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USASUPA, Institute for Astronomy, Royal Observatory, University of Edinburgh , Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK; Centre for Exoplanet Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKLESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, FranceDepartment of Astronomy, Cornell University , Ithaca NY 14850, USAETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics & Astrophysics , Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27, 8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandCenter for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USADepartment of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USAThe University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 4129 Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USALESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 5 place Jules Janssen, F-92195 Meudon, FranceAtmospheric, Ocean, and Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford , UKDepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, NY 10024, USAMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie , Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, GermanyNASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAThe University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanAtmospheric, Ocean, and Planetary Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford , UKIPAC, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USAAix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceDepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , Central Park West at 79th Street, NY 10024, USASteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USASteward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , Mail Stop 321-100, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena CA 91109 USADepartment of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USADepartment of Astronomy, 501 Campbell Hall, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720-3411, USADepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USAWe present the highest fidelity spectrum to date of a planetary-mass object. VHS 1256 b is a <20 M _Jup widely separated (∼8″, a = 150 au), young, planetary-mass companion that shares photometric colors and spectroscopic features with the directly imaged exoplanets HR 8799c, d, and e. As an L-to-T transition object, VHS 1256 b exists along the region of the color–magnitude diagram where substellar atmospheres transition from cloudy to clear. We observed VHS 1256 b with JWST's NIRSpec IFU and MIRI MRS modes for coverage from 1 to 20 μ m at resolutions of ∼1000–3700. Water, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sodium, and potassium are observed in several portions of the JWST spectrum based on comparisons from template brown dwarf spectra, molecular opacities, and atmospheric models. The spectral shape of VHS 1256 b is influenced by disequilibrium chemistry and clouds. We directly detect silicate clouds, the first such detection reported for a planetary-mass companion.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acb04aBrown dwarfsExoplanet atmospheresExtrasolar gaseous giant planets |
spellingShingle | Brittany E. Miles Beth A. Biller Polychronis Patapis Kadin Worthen Emily Rickman Kielan K. W. Hoch Andrew Skemer Marshall D. Perrin Niall Whiteford Christine H. Chen B. Sargent Sagnick Mukherjee Caroline V. Morley Sarah E. Moran Mickael Bonnefoy Simon Petrus Aarynn L. Carter Elodie Choquet Sasha Hinkley Kimberly Ward-Duong Jarron M. Leisenring Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer Laurent Pueyo Shrishmoy Ray Steph Sallum Karl R. Stapelfeldt Jordan M. Stone Jason J. Wang Olivier Absil William O. Balmer Anthony Boccaletti Mariangela Bonavita Mark Booth Brendan P. Bowler Gael Chauvin Valentin Christiaens Thayne Currie Camilla Danielski Jonathan J. Fortney Julien H. Girard Carol A. Grady Alexandra Z. Greenbaum Thomas Henning Dean C. Hines Markus Janson Paul Kalas Jens Kammerer Grant M. Kennedy Matthew A. Kenworthy Pierre Kervella Pierre-Olivier Lagage Ben W. P. Lew Michael C. Liu Bruce Macintosh Sebastian Marino Mark S. Marley Christian Marois Elisabeth C. Matthews Brenda C. Matthews Dimitri Mawet Michael W. McElwain Stanimir Metchev Michael R. Meyer Paul Molliere Eric Pantin Andreas Quirrenbach Isabel Rebollido Bin B. Ren Glenn Schneider Malavika Vasist Mark C. Wyatt Yifan Zhou Zackery W. Briesemeister Marta L. Bryan Per Calissendorff Faustine Cantalloube Gabriele Cugno Matthew De Furio Trent J. Dupuy Samuel M. Factor Jacqueline K. Faherty Michael P. Fitzgerald Kyle Franson Eileen C. Gonzales Callie E. Hood Alex R. Howe Adam L. Kraus Masayuki Kuzuhara Anne-Marie Lagrange Kellen Lawson Cecilia Lazzoni Pengyu Liu Jorge Llop-Sayson James P. Lloyd Raquel A. Martinez Johan Mazoyer Sascha P. Quanz Jea Adams Redai Matthias Samland Joshua E. Schlieder Motohide Tamura Xianyu Tan Taichi Uyama Arthur Vigan Johanna M. Vos Kevin Wagner Schuyler G. Wolff Marie Ygouf Xi Zhang Keming Zhang Zhoujian Zhang The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 b The Astrophysical Journal Letters Brown dwarfs Exoplanet atmospheres Extrasolar gaseous giant planets |
title | The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 b |
title_full | The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 b |
title_fullStr | The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 b |
title_full_unstemmed | The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 b |
title_short | The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256–1257 b |
title_sort | jwst early release science program for direct observations of exoplanetary systems ii a 1 to 20 μm spectrum of the planetary mass companion vhs 1256 1257 b |
topic | Brown dwarfs Exoplanet atmospheres Extrasolar gaseous giant planets |
url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acb04a |
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