Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates
Hydrological management in the use of peatland for agriculture is the backbone of its sustainability and a critical factor in climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the application of an integrated water management practice known as the “Water Management Trinity” (WMT), implemented since 19...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024026926 |
| _version_ | 1797259859785154560 |
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| author | Nurul Ihsan Fawzi Basuki Sumawinata Suwardi Annisa Noyara Rahmasary Ika Zahara Qurani Raihan Garin Naufaldary Ratu Nabillah Heru Bagus Palunggono Budi Mulyanto |
| author_facet | Nurul Ihsan Fawzi Basuki Sumawinata Suwardi Annisa Noyara Rahmasary Ika Zahara Qurani Raihan Garin Naufaldary Ratu Nabillah Heru Bagus Palunggono Budi Mulyanto |
| author_sort | Nurul Ihsan Fawzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydrological management in the use of peatland for agriculture is the backbone of its sustainability and a critical factor in climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the application of an integrated water management practice known as the “Water Management Trinity” (WMT), implemented since 1986 on a coconut plantation on the eastern coast of Sumatra, in relation to CO2 emissions and subsidence rates. The WMT integrates canals, dikes, and dams with water gates to regulate water levels for both coconut agronomy and the preservation of the peat soil. The WMT has successfully regulated and maintained an average yearly water table depth of −45 to −51 cm below the surface. The methodology involved a closed chamber method for measuring soil CO2 flux using a portable Infrared Gas Analyzer, conducted weekly over a six-month period to cover dry and rainy season at bi-modal climate condition. Subsidence measurements have been ongoing from 1986 to 2022. The results show bare peat soil has heterotrophic respiration CO2 emissions of 7.77 t C–CO2 ha−1 yr−1, while in coconut plantations 7.99 t C–CO2 ha−1 yr−1, similar to emissions in mineral soils. Autotrophic respiration leads to the overestimation of CO2 emissions on peatland and accounts for 212–424% of the total emissions. The cumulative subsidence from 1986 to 2022 is −56.3 cm, with a soil rise of +0.8 cm in 2022, indicating a flattening rate of subsidence. This is characterized by an increase in bulk density at the surface from 0.072 to 0.144 gr/cm3, with approximately 81% of the subsidence being due to compaction. The statistical analysis found no relationship between water table depth and CO2 emissions, indicating that water table depth cannot be used as a predictor for CO2 emissions. In summary, peatland agriculture has a promising future when managed sustainably using an integrated hydrological management system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T19:09:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60a3ff3e3586437793f78e9e79ce466a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:16:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-60a3ff3e3586437793f78e9e79ce466a2024-03-17T07:55:57ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-03-01105e26661Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence ratesNurul Ihsan Fawzi0Basuki Sumawinata1 Suwardi2Annisa Noyara Rahmasary3Ika Zahara Qurani4Raihan Garin Naufaldary5Ratu Nabillah6Heru Bagus Palunggono7Budi Mulyanto8Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia; Tay Juhana Foundation, North Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia; Corresponding author. Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, IndonesiaDepartment of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, IndonesiaIndonesian Agro-climate and Hydrology Standardization Institute, Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Indonesia, Bogor, 16111, IndonesiaTay Juhana Foundation, North Jakarta, 14440, IndonesiaDepartment of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, IndonesiaTay Juhana Foundation, North Jakarta, 14440, IndonesiaDepartment of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, IndonesiaDepartment of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, IndonesiaHydrological management in the use of peatland for agriculture is the backbone of its sustainability and a critical factor in climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the application of an integrated water management practice known as the “Water Management Trinity” (WMT), implemented since 1986 on a coconut plantation on the eastern coast of Sumatra, in relation to CO2 emissions and subsidence rates. The WMT integrates canals, dikes, and dams with water gates to regulate water levels for both coconut agronomy and the preservation of the peat soil. The WMT has successfully regulated and maintained an average yearly water table depth of −45 to −51 cm below the surface. The methodology involved a closed chamber method for measuring soil CO2 flux using a portable Infrared Gas Analyzer, conducted weekly over a six-month period to cover dry and rainy season at bi-modal climate condition. Subsidence measurements have been ongoing from 1986 to 2022. The results show bare peat soil has heterotrophic respiration CO2 emissions of 7.77 t C–CO2 ha−1 yr−1, while in coconut plantations 7.99 t C–CO2 ha−1 yr−1, similar to emissions in mineral soils. Autotrophic respiration leads to the overestimation of CO2 emissions on peatland and accounts for 212–424% of the total emissions. The cumulative subsidence from 1986 to 2022 is −56.3 cm, with a soil rise of +0.8 cm in 2022, indicating a flattening rate of subsidence. This is characterized by an increase in bulk density at the surface from 0.072 to 0.144 gr/cm3, with approximately 81% of the subsidence being due to compaction. The statistical analysis found no relationship between water table depth and CO2 emissions, indicating that water table depth cannot be used as a predictor for CO2 emissions. In summary, peatland agriculture has a promising future when managed sustainably using an integrated hydrological management system.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024026926Sustainable peatland managementWater management trinityCO2 emissionSubsidence ratesCoconut agriculture |
| spellingShingle | Nurul Ihsan Fawzi Basuki Sumawinata Suwardi Annisa Noyara Rahmasary Ika Zahara Qurani Raihan Garin Naufaldary Ratu Nabillah Heru Bagus Palunggono Budi Mulyanto Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates Heliyon Sustainable peatland management Water management trinity CO2 emission Subsidence rates Coconut agriculture |
| title | Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates |
| title_full | Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates |
| title_fullStr | Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates |
| title_short | Integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates |
| title_sort | integrated water management practice in tropical peatland agriculture has low carbon emissions and subsidence rates |
| topic | Sustainable peatland management Water management trinity CO2 emission Subsidence rates Coconut agriculture |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024026926 |
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