Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) seriously affect the poultry industry and pose a great threat to humans. Timely surveillance of AIVs is the basis for preparedness of the virus. This study reported the long-term surveillance of AIVs in the live bird market (LBM) of 16 cities in Shandong province from...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1030545/full |
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| author | Ti Liu Yousong Peng Julong Wu Shangwen Lu Yujie He Xiyan Li Lin Sun Shaoxia Song Shengyang Zhang Zhong Li Xianjun Wang Shu Zhang Mi Liu Zengqiang Kou |
| author_facet | Ti Liu Yousong Peng Julong Wu Shangwen Lu Yujie He Xiyan Li Lin Sun Shaoxia Song Shengyang Zhang Zhong Li Xianjun Wang Shu Zhang Mi Liu Zengqiang Kou |
| author_sort | Ti Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) seriously affect the poultry industry and pose a great threat to humans. Timely surveillance of AIVs is the basis for preparedness of the virus. This study reported the long-term surveillance of AIVs in the live bird market (LBM) of 16 cities in Shandong province from 2013 to 2019. A total of 29,895 samples were obtained and the overall positive rate of AIVs was 9.7%. The H9 was found to be the most predominant subtype in most of the time and contributed most to the monthly positve rate of AIVs as supported by the univariate and multivariate analysis, while H5 and H7 only circulated in some short periods. Then, the whole-genome sequences of 62 representative H9N2 viruses including one human isolate from a 7-year-old boy in were determined and they were genetically similar to each other with the median pairwise sequence identities ranging from 0.96 to 0.98 for all segments. The newly sequenced viruses were most similar to viruses isolated in chickens in mainland China, especially the provinces in Eastern China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these newly sequenced H9N2 viruses belonged to the same clade for all segments except PB1. Nearly all of these viruses belonged to the G57 genotype which has dominated in China since 2010. Finally, several molecular markers associated with human adaptation, mammalian virulence, and drug resistance were identified in the newly sequenced H9N2 viruses. Overall, the study deepens our understanding of the epidemic and evolution of AIVs and provides a basis for effective control of AIVs in China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:24:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60acf5fe16144d8eb1f82c7853ff19ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:24:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-60acf5fe16144d8eb1f82c7853ff19ec2022-12-22T02:41:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-11-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.10305451030545Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019Ti Liu0Yousong Peng1Julong Wu2Shangwen Lu3Yujie He4Xiyan Li5Lin Sun6Shaoxia Song7Shengyang Zhang8Zhong Li9Xianjun Wang10Shu Zhang11Mi Liu12Zengqiang Kou13Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaBioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaBioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaChinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaJiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, ChinaAvian influenza viruses (AIVs) seriously affect the poultry industry and pose a great threat to humans. Timely surveillance of AIVs is the basis for preparedness of the virus. This study reported the long-term surveillance of AIVs in the live bird market (LBM) of 16 cities in Shandong province from 2013 to 2019. A total of 29,895 samples were obtained and the overall positive rate of AIVs was 9.7%. The H9 was found to be the most predominant subtype in most of the time and contributed most to the monthly positve rate of AIVs as supported by the univariate and multivariate analysis, while H5 and H7 only circulated in some short periods. Then, the whole-genome sequences of 62 representative H9N2 viruses including one human isolate from a 7-year-old boy in were determined and they were genetically similar to each other with the median pairwise sequence identities ranging from 0.96 to 0.98 for all segments. The newly sequenced viruses were most similar to viruses isolated in chickens in mainland China, especially the provinces in Eastern China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these newly sequenced H9N2 viruses belonged to the same clade for all segments except PB1. Nearly all of these viruses belonged to the G57 genotype which has dominated in China since 2010. Finally, several molecular markers associated with human adaptation, mammalian virulence, and drug resistance were identified in the newly sequenced H9N2 viruses. Overall, the study deepens our understanding of the epidemic and evolution of AIVs and provides a basis for effective control of AIVs in China.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1030545/fullavian influenza virusessurveillanceH9N2 AIVepidemicgenotypes |
| spellingShingle | Ti Liu Yousong Peng Julong Wu Shangwen Lu Yujie He Xiyan Li Lin Sun Shaoxia Song Shengyang Zhang Zhong Li Xianjun Wang Shu Zhang Mi Liu Zengqiang Kou Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019 Frontiers in Microbiology avian influenza viruses surveillance H9N2 AIV epidemic genotypes |
| title | Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019 |
| title_full | Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019 |
| title_fullStr | Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019 |
| title_short | Surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of Shandong province from 2013 to 2019 |
| title_sort | surveillance of avian influenza viruses in live bird markets of shandong province from 2013 to 2019 |
| topic | avian influenza viruses surveillance H9N2 AIV epidemic genotypes |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1030545/full |
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