The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity
Brain states such as arousal and sleep play critical roles in memory encoding, storage, and recall. Recent studies have highlighted the role of engram neurons–populations of neurons activated during learning–in subsequent memory consolidation and recall. These engram populations are generally assume...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2021.750541/full |
| _version_ | 1818363098553122816 |
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| author | Frank Raven Sara J. Aton |
| author_facet | Frank Raven Sara J. Aton |
| author_sort | Frank Raven |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brain states such as arousal and sleep play critical roles in memory encoding, storage, and recall. Recent studies have highlighted the role of engram neurons–populations of neurons activated during learning–in subsequent memory consolidation and recall. These engram populations are generally assumed to be glutamatergic, and the vast majority of data regarding the function of engram neurons have focused on glutamatergic pyramidal or granule cell populations in either the hippocampus, amygdala, or neocortex. Recent data suggest that sleep and wake states differentially regulate the activity and temporal dynamics of engram neurons. Two potential mechanisms for this regulation are either via direct regulation of glutamatergic engram neuron excitability and firing, or via state-dependent effects on interneuron populations–which in turn modulate the activity of glutamatergic engram neurons. Here, we will discuss recent findings related to the roles of interneurons in state-regulated memory processes and synaptic plasticity, and the potential therapeutic implications of understanding these mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:43:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60aeb78370a849dba070d6598af305c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5110 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:43:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neural Circuits |
| spelling | doaj.art-60aeb78370a849dba070d6598af305c72022-12-21T23:30:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neural Circuits1662-51102021-09-011510.3389/fncir.2021.750541750541The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and PlasticityFrank RavenSara J. AtonBrain states such as arousal and sleep play critical roles in memory encoding, storage, and recall. Recent studies have highlighted the role of engram neurons–populations of neurons activated during learning–in subsequent memory consolidation and recall. These engram populations are generally assumed to be glutamatergic, and the vast majority of data regarding the function of engram neurons have focused on glutamatergic pyramidal or granule cell populations in either the hippocampus, amygdala, or neocortex. Recent data suggest that sleep and wake states differentially regulate the activity and temporal dynamics of engram neurons. Two potential mechanisms for this regulation are either via direct regulation of glutamatergic engram neuron excitability and firing, or via state-dependent effects on interneuron populations–which in turn modulate the activity of glutamatergic engram neurons. Here, we will discuss recent findings related to the roles of interneurons in state-regulated memory processes and synaptic plasticity, and the potential therapeutic implications of understanding these mechanisms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2021.750541/fullhippocampusneocortical circuitsoscillationssleepinterneuronsreplay |
| spellingShingle | Frank Raven Sara J. Aton The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity Frontiers in Neural Circuits hippocampus neocortical circuits oscillations sleep interneurons replay |
| title | The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity |
| title_full | The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity |
| title_fullStr | The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity |
| title_short | The Engram’s Dark Horse: How Interneurons Regulate State-Dependent Memory Processing and Plasticity |
| title_sort | engram s dark horse how interneurons regulate state dependent memory processing and plasticity |
| topic | hippocampus neocortical circuits oscillations sleep interneurons replay |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncir.2021.750541/full |
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