Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute Appendicitis
<b>Background and Objectives</b>. The aim of this study is to determine the prevailing microbiota in samples from pediatric patients with acute appendicitis, as well as evaluate the antibacterial sensitivity of the isolated microorganisms, comparing the data obtained with the clinic’s an...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/9/1144 |
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| author | Mohit Kakar Aigars Reinis Juta Kroica Arnis Engelis Renars Broks Lasma Asare Marelize Vermeulen Simone Oliver Senica Amulya Saxena Aigars Petersons |
| author_facet | Mohit Kakar Aigars Reinis Juta Kroica Arnis Engelis Renars Broks Lasma Asare Marelize Vermeulen Simone Oliver Senica Amulya Saxena Aigars Petersons |
| author_sort | Mohit Kakar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background and Objectives</b>. The aim of this study is to determine the prevailing microbiota in samples from pediatric patients with acute appendicitis, as well as evaluate the antibacterial sensitivity of the isolated microorganisms, comparing the data obtained with the clinic’s antibacterial therapy guidelines. <b>Materials and Methods</b>. The study group consisted of 93 patients between the ages of 7 and 18. All patients underwent a laparoscopic or conventional appendectomy. The children were hospitalized with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute appendicitis. Microbiological cultures from the appendix and abdominal cavity were collected intraoperatively. <b>Results</b>. <i>E. coli</i> was identified in most cases irrespective of the clinical presentation of acute appendicitis. Most strains were susceptible to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Five strains of <i>E. coli</i> produced extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>) was the second most commonly isolated causative agent. Furthermore, it was common in cases of acute complex appendicitis. Most strains of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ertapenem, ampicillin and cefotaxime, yet were susceptible to ceftazidime. Regardless of the clinical presentation, the samples yielded mixed isolates. <b>Conclusion</b>. <i>E. coli</i> is the main causative agent of acute appendicitis in the pediatric population displaying susceptibility to various antibiotics. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was more prevalent in cases of acute complex appendicitis. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime; however, they were resistant to cefotaxime, which should, therefore, be removed from guidelines for empirical antibacterial treatment of acute appendicitis due to phenotypic resistance of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. We recommend antibiotics with distinct implementation to avoid antibiotic resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:14:37Z |
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| id | doaj.art-60b1e6b5486a4ba4ae5ddae8b8ddfda4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1010-660X 1648-9144 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:14:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Medicina |
| spelling | doaj.art-60b1e6b5486a4ba4ae5ddae8b8ddfda42023-11-23T17:38:26ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442022-08-01589114410.3390/medicina58091144Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute AppendicitisMohit Kakar0Aigars Reinis1Juta Kroica2Arnis Engelis3Renars Broks4Lasma Asare5Marelize Vermeulen6Simone Oliver Senica7Amulya Saxena8Aigars Petersons9Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaStatistics Unit, Riga Stradins University, LV-1046 Riga, LatviaFaculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaFaculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, LatviaDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Chelsea Children’s Hospital, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Fdn Trust, Imperial College London, London SW10 9NH, UKDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia<b>Background and Objectives</b>. The aim of this study is to determine the prevailing microbiota in samples from pediatric patients with acute appendicitis, as well as evaluate the antibacterial sensitivity of the isolated microorganisms, comparing the data obtained with the clinic’s antibacterial therapy guidelines. <b>Materials and Methods</b>. The study group consisted of 93 patients between the ages of 7 and 18. All patients underwent a laparoscopic or conventional appendectomy. The children were hospitalized with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute appendicitis. Microbiological cultures from the appendix and abdominal cavity were collected intraoperatively. <b>Results</b>. <i>E. coli</i> was identified in most cases irrespective of the clinical presentation of acute appendicitis. Most strains were susceptible to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Five strains of <i>E. coli</i> produced extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>) was the second most commonly isolated causative agent. Furthermore, it was common in cases of acute complex appendicitis. Most strains of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ertapenem, ampicillin and cefotaxime, yet were susceptible to ceftazidime. Regardless of the clinical presentation, the samples yielded mixed isolates. <b>Conclusion</b>. <i>E. coli</i> is the main causative agent of acute appendicitis in the pediatric population displaying susceptibility to various antibiotics. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was more prevalent in cases of acute complex appendicitis. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime; however, they were resistant to cefotaxime, which should, therefore, be removed from guidelines for empirical antibacterial treatment of acute appendicitis due to phenotypic resistance of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. We recommend antibiotics with distinct implementation to avoid antibiotic resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/9/1144simple and complex pediatric appendicitismicrobiota<i>P. aeruginosa</i>empirical antimicrobial treatmentantibacterial susceptibility |
| spellingShingle | Mohit Kakar Aigars Reinis Juta Kroica Arnis Engelis Renars Broks Lasma Asare Marelize Vermeulen Simone Oliver Senica Amulya Saxena Aigars Petersons Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute Appendicitis Medicina simple and complex pediatric appendicitis microbiota <i>P. aeruginosa</i> empirical antimicrobial treatment antibacterial susceptibility |
| title | Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute Appendicitis |
| title_full | Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute Appendicitis |
| title_fullStr | Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute Appendicitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute Appendicitis |
| title_short | Microbiota Assessment of Pediatric Simple and Complex Acute Appendicitis |
| title_sort | microbiota assessment of pediatric simple and complex acute appendicitis |
| topic | simple and complex pediatric appendicitis microbiota <i>P. aeruginosa</i> empirical antimicrobial treatment antibacterial susceptibility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/58/9/1144 |
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