A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy Deposition
The objective of this work is to compare the microstructure and microhardness properties of IN718 deposited by both powder- and wire-fed laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) processes. The powder-fed L-DED is carried out on an Optomec LENS<sup>®</sup> system while the wire-fed L-DED...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/3/1129 |
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| author | Nandana Menon Brady A. Sawyer Cory D. Jamieson Edward W. Reutzel Amrita Basak |
| author_facet | Nandana Menon Brady A. Sawyer Cory D. Jamieson Edward W. Reutzel Amrita Basak |
| author_sort | Nandana Menon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this work is to compare the microstructure and microhardness properties of IN718 deposited by both powder- and wire-fed laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) processes. The powder-fed L-DED is carried out on an Optomec LENS<sup>®</sup> system while the wire-fed L-DED is performed in an in-house custom-built system. Several single-layer single-track specimens are fabricated using different combinations of process parameters to down-select the optimal process parameters for both systems. The finalized parameters are, thereafter, used to build thin-wall specimens having identical designs. The specimens are characterized using optical and electron microscopy as well as microhardness measurements. The results demonstrate that the powder-fed specimen, built using optimal process parameters, does not exhibit any distortion. On the contrary, the wire-fed specimen, built with optimal process parameters, show lesser porosity. Differences in elemental segregation are also detected in the two specimens. For example, nitrides and carbides are observed in the wire-fed specimen but not in the powder-fed specimen. The microhardness measurements reveal the powder-fed specimen has higher microhardness values compared to the wire-fed specimen. These results can be used to fabricate parts with sequential powder and wire deposition to achieve biomimetic structures of varying microstructure and microhardness properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:36:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60c9e508547d4bc28533dbf5c9c1d270 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:36:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-60c9e508547d4bc28533dbf5c9c1d2702023-11-16T17:17:38ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-01-01163112910.3390/ma16031129A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy DepositionNandana Menon0Brady A. Sawyer1Cory D. Jamieson2Edward W. Reutzel3Amrita Basak4Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAApplied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAApplied Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USAThe objective of this work is to compare the microstructure and microhardness properties of IN718 deposited by both powder- and wire-fed laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) processes. The powder-fed L-DED is carried out on an Optomec LENS<sup>®</sup> system while the wire-fed L-DED is performed in an in-house custom-built system. Several single-layer single-track specimens are fabricated using different combinations of process parameters to down-select the optimal process parameters for both systems. The finalized parameters are, thereafter, used to build thin-wall specimens having identical designs. The specimens are characterized using optical and electron microscopy as well as microhardness measurements. The results demonstrate that the powder-fed specimen, built using optimal process parameters, does not exhibit any distortion. On the contrary, the wire-fed specimen, built with optimal process parameters, show lesser porosity. Differences in elemental segregation are also detected in the two specimens. For example, nitrides and carbides are observed in the wire-fed specimen but not in the powder-fed specimen. The microhardness measurements reveal the powder-fed specimen has higher microhardness values compared to the wire-fed specimen. These results can be used to fabricate parts with sequential powder and wire deposition to achieve biomimetic structures of varying microstructure and microhardness properties.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/3/1129laser directed energy depositionIN718microstructuremicrohardness properties |
| spellingShingle | Nandana Menon Brady A. Sawyer Cory D. Jamieson Edward W. Reutzel Amrita Basak A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy Deposition Materials laser directed energy deposition IN718 microstructure microhardness properties |
| title | A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy Deposition |
| title_full | A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy Deposition |
| title_fullStr | A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy Deposition |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy Deposition |
| title_short | A Comparison of Microstructure and Microhardness Properties of IN718 Fabricated via Powder- and Wire-Fed Laser-Directed Energy Deposition |
| title_sort | comparison of microstructure and microhardness properties of in718 fabricated via powder and wire fed laser directed energy deposition |
| topic | laser directed energy deposition IN718 microstructure microhardness properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/3/1129 |
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