Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study
Abstract Background Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, has not been investigated in relation to dementia risk and its onset. Methods We included 208,867 participants from UK biobank, who aged 60 to 69 years at baseline....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03357-4 |
| _version_ | 1827310142931075072 |
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| author | Junhan Zhang Xiaona Na Zhihui Li John S. Ji Guowei Li Haibing Yang Yucheng Yang Yuefeng Tan Jian Zhang Menglu Xi Donghan Su Huatang Zeng Liqun Wu Ai Zhao |
| author_facet | Junhan Zhang Xiaona Na Zhihui Li John S. Ji Guowei Li Haibing Yang Yucheng Yang Yuefeng Tan Jian Zhang Menglu Xi Donghan Su Huatang Zeng Liqun Wu Ai Zhao |
| author_sort | Junhan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, has not been investigated in relation to dementia risk and its onset. Methods We included 208,867 participants from UK biobank, who aged 60 to 69 years at baseline. Dementia diagnoses were identified using hospital records and death register data. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the associations of obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity with dementia risk, stratified by sex. Stratified analyses were performed across dementia-related polygenic risk score (PRS). Restricted mean survival time models were established to estimate the difference and 95%CIs of dementia onset across different status. Additionally, linear regression models were employed to estimate associations of different status with brain imaging parameters. The mediation effects of chronic diseases were also examined. Results Obese women with high PRS had a decreased risk (HR = 0.855 [0.761–0.961]), but obese men with low PRS had an increased risk (HR = 1.223 [1.045–1.431]). Additionally, sarcopenia was associated with elevated dementia risk (HRwomen = 1.323 [1.064–1.644]; HRmen = 2.144 [1.753–2.621]) in those with low PRS. Among those with high PRS, however, the association was only significant in early-life (HRwomen = 1.679 [1.355–2.081]; HRmen = 2.069 [1.656–2.585]). Of note, sarcopenic obesity was associated with higher dementia risk (HRwomen = 1.424 [1.227–1.653]; HRmen = 1.989 [1.702–2.323]), and results remained similar stratified by PRS. Considering dementia onset, obesity was associated with dementia by 1.114 years delayed in women, however, 0.170 years advanced in men. Sarcopenia (women: 0.080 years; men: 0.192 years) and sarcopenic obesity (women: 0.109 years; men: 0.511 years) respectively advanced dementia onset. Obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity were respectively related to alterations in different brain regions. Association between sarcopenic obesity and dementia was mediated by chronic diseases. Conclusions Sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia were respectively associated with increased dementia risk and advanced dementia onset to vary degree. The role of obesity in dementia may differ by sex and genetic background. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:54:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60ca6dce7a2c43a7877901f84e71662d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1741-7015 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:54:55Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-60ca6dce7a2c43a7877901f84e71662d2024-03-24T12:23:08ZengBMCBMC Medicine1741-70152024-03-0122111710.1186/s12916-024-03357-4Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort studyJunhan Zhang0Xiaona Na1Zhihui Li2John S. Ji3Guowei Li4Haibing Yang5Yucheng Yang6Yuefeng Tan7Jian Zhang8Menglu Xi9Donghan Su10Huatang Zeng11Liqun Wu12Ai Zhao13Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityCenter for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology, Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversitySchool of Public Health, Peking UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen Health Development Research and Data Management CenterVanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua UniversityAbstract Background Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, has not been investigated in relation to dementia risk and its onset. Methods We included 208,867 participants from UK biobank, who aged 60 to 69 years at baseline. Dementia diagnoses were identified using hospital records and death register data. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the associations of obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity with dementia risk, stratified by sex. Stratified analyses were performed across dementia-related polygenic risk score (PRS). Restricted mean survival time models were established to estimate the difference and 95%CIs of dementia onset across different status. Additionally, linear regression models were employed to estimate associations of different status with brain imaging parameters. The mediation effects of chronic diseases were also examined. Results Obese women with high PRS had a decreased risk (HR = 0.855 [0.761–0.961]), but obese men with low PRS had an increased risk (HR = 1.223 [1.045–1.431]). Additionally, sarcopenia was associated with elevated dementia risk (HRwomen = 1.323 [1.064–1.644]; HRmen = 2.144 [1.753–2.621]) in those with low PRS. Among those with high PRS, however, the association was only significant in early-life (HRwomen = 1.679 [1.355–2.081]; HRmen = 2.069 [1.656–2.585]). Of note, sarcopenic obesity was associated with higher dementia risk (HRwomen = 1.424 [1.227–1.653]; HRmen = 1.989 [1.702–2.323]), and results remained similar stratified by PRS. Considering dementia onset, obesity was associated with dementia by 1.114 years delayed in women, however, 0.170 years advanced in men. Sarcopenia (women: 0.080 years; men: 0.192 years) and sarcopenic obesity (women: 0.109 years; men: 0.511 years) respectively advanced dementia onset. Obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity were respectively related to alterations in different brain regions. Association between sarcopenic obesity and dementia was mediated by chronic diseases. Conclusions Sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia were respectively associated with increased dementia risk and advanced dementia onset to vary degree. The role of obesity in dementia may differ by sex and genetic background.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03357-4Sarcopenic obesityObesitySarcopeniaDementiaOnsetBrain structure |
| spellingShingle | Junhan Zhang Xiaona Na Zhihui Li John S. Ji Guowei Li Haibing Yang Yucheng Yang Yuefeng Tan Jian Zhang Menglu Xi Donghan Su Huatang Zeng Liqun Wu Ai Zhao Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study BMC Medicine Sarcopenic obesity Obesity Sarcopenia Dementia Onset Brain structure |
| title | Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study |
| title_full | Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study |
| title_short | Sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development: evidence from a population-based cohort study |
| title_sort | sarcopenic obesity is part of obesity paradox in dementia development evidence from a population based cohort study |
| topic | Sarcopenic obesity Obesity Sarcopenia Dementia Onset Brain structure |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03357-4 |
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