Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role?
<i>Verticillium dahliae</i> is the etiological agent of Verticillium wilt of olive. The virulence of Defoliating <i>V. dahliae</i> isolates usually displays differences and high plasticity. This work studied whether an epigenetic mechanism was involved in this plasticity. An...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-07-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/15/5197 |
| _version_ | 1797561646772649984 |
|---|---|
| author | Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás Antonio Valverde-Corredor Jesús Mercado-Blanco Francisco Luque |
| author_facet | Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás Antonio Valverde-Corredor Jesús Mercado-Blanco Francisco Luque |
| author_sort | Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> is the etiological agent of Verticillium wilt of olive. The virulence of Defoliating <i>V. dahliae</i> isolates usually displays differences and high plasticity. This work studied whether an epigenetic mechanism was involved in this plasticity. An inverse correlation between virulence and DNA methylation of protein-coding genes was found. A set of 831 genes was selected for their highly consistent inverse methylation profile and virulence in the five studied isolates. Of these genes, ATP-synthesis was highly represented, which indicates that the more virulent D isolates are, the more energy requirements they may have. Furthermore, there were numerous genes in the protein biosynthesis process: genes coding for the chromatin structure, which suggests that epigenetic changes may also affect chromatin condensation; many transmembrane transporter genes, which is consistent with denser compounds, traffic through membranes in more virulent isolates; a fucose-specific lectin that may play a role in the attachment to plant cell walls during the host infection process; and pathogenic cutinases that facilitate plant invasion and sporulation genes for rapid spreading alongside plants. Our findings support the notion that differences in the virulence of the Defoliating <i>V. dahliae</i> isolates may be controlled, at least to some extent, by an epigenetic mechanism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:16:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-60f8bd7ed0ed4c09890e2df232a16d18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:16:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-60f8bd7ed0ed4c09890e2df232a16d182023-11-20T07:35:47ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-07-012115519710.3390/ijms21155197Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role?Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero0Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás1Antonio Valverde-Corredor2Jesús Mercado-Blanco3Francisco Luque4Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Department of Experimental Biology, Univ. Jaén, 23071 Jaén, SpainDepartment of Crop Protection, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus ‘Alameda del Obispo’, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Apartado, Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Crop Protection, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus ‘Alameda del Obispo’, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Apartado, Córdoba, SpainDepartment of Crop Protection, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus ‘Alameda del Obispo’, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Apartado, Córdoba, SpainCenter for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, Department of Experimental Biology, Univ. Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain<i>Verticillium dahliae</i> is the etiological agent of Verticillium wilt of olive. The virulence of Defoliating <i>V. dahliae</i> isolates usually displays differences and high plasticity. This work studied whether an epigenetic mechanism was involved in this plasticity. An inverse correlation between virulence and DNA methylation of protein-coding genes was found. A set of 831 genes was selected for their highly consistent inverse methylation profile and virulence in the five studied isolates. Of these genes, ATP-synthesis was highly represented, which indicates that the more virulent D isolates are, the more energy requirements they may have. Furthermore, there were numerous genes in the protein biosynthesis process: genes coding for the chromatin structure, which suggests that epigenetic changes may also affect chromatin condensation; many transmembrane transporter genes, which is consistent with denser compounds, traffic through membranes in more virulent isolates; a fucose-specific lectin that may play a role in the attachment to plant cell walls during the host infection process; and pathogenic cutinases that facilitate plant invasion and sporulation genes for rapid spreading alongside plants. Our findings support the notion that differences in the virulence of the Defoliating <i>V. dahliae</i> isolates may be controlled, at least to some extent, by an epigenetic mechanism.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/15/5197<i>Verticillium dahliae</i>DNA methylationdefoliating pathotypeepigeneticsgenomicsolive |
| spellingShingle | Jorge A. Ramírez-Tejero Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás Antonio Valverde-Corredor Jesús Mercado-Blanco Francisco Luque Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role? International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> DNA methylation defoliating pathotype epigenetics genomics olive |
| title | Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role? |
| title_full | Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role? |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role? |
| title_short | Epigenetic Regulation of <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> Virulence: Does DNA Methylation Level Play A Role? |
| title_sort | epigenetic regulation of i verticillium dahliae i virulence does dna methylation level play a role |
| topic | <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> DNA methylation defoliating pathotype epigenetics genomics olive |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/15/5197 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jorgearamireztejero epigeneticregulationofiverticilliumdahliaeivirulencedoesdnamethylationlevelplayarole AT carmengomezlamacabanas epigeneticregulationofiverticilliumdahliaeivirulencedoesdnamethylationlevelplayarole AT antoniovalverdecorredor epigeneticregulationofiverticilliumdahliaeivirulencedoesdnamethylationlevelplayarole AT jesusmercadoblanco epigeneticregulationofiverticilliumdahliaeivirulencedoesdnamethylationlevelplayarole AT franciscoluque epigeneticregulationofiverticilliumdahliaeivirulencedoesdnamethylationlevelplayarole |