Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head Application
The authors researched the physical, metallurgical, and mechanical characteristics of A354 alloy (Al-Si-Mg-Cu) reinforced with 5, 10, and 15 wt% of fly ash metal matrix composites. A baseline alloy and three composites were fabricated by a liquid metallurgy route and poured into a permanent mold to...
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2022-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/15/5462 |
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| author | Karthik Venkitraman Shankar Jan Jezierski Vaira Vignesh Ramalingam Devaprasad Padmakumar Midun Raj Leena Amal Gokul Reghunath Rakesh Krishnan |
| author_facet | Karthik Venkitraman Shankar Jan Jezierski Vaira Vignesh Ramalingam Devaprasad Padmakumar Midun Raj Leena Amal Gokul Reghunath Rakesh Krishnan |
| author_sort | Karthik Venkitraman Shankar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The authors researched the physical, metallurgical, and mechanical characteristics of A354 alloy (Al-Si-Mg-Cu) reinforced with 5, 10, and 15 wt% of fly ash metal matrix composites. A baseline alloy and three composites were fabricated by a liquid metallurgy route and poured into a permanent mold to obtain cast rods of dimension Φ32 mm × 156 mm. The metallurgical characterization of the developed alloy and metal matrix composites was conducted using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction. All the developed composites showed a pore-free nature, but only A354 alloy reinforced with 5 wt% of fly ash (AF<sub>5</sub>) possessed a homogeneous distribution and perfect bonding of the fly ash with the A354 matrix. Therefore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was performed on the sample AF<sub>5</sub>. All developed alloys and metal matrix composites were subjected to hardness and mechanical property tests. It was observed that the AF<sub>5</sub> sample had 170 ± 5.6 HV and tensile strength of 216 ± 2.3 MPa, 18.8% and 24.8% higher than the A354 matrix, but the ductility (6.5 ± 0.43%) was reduced by 23% from the baseline alloy. Finally, the fractography analysis was conducted on all the samples using FESEM to analyze the fracture mode. The fabricated 5 wt% fly ash-based metal matrix composite showed better mechanical performance than other samples. Hence, sample AF<sub>5</sub> is suggested for manufacturing components in automotive and structural parts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:07:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6101cad04e7c4007a952be18e8732392 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:07:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-6101cad04e7c4007a952be18e87323922023-12-01T23:01:43ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-08-011515546210.3390/ma15155462Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head ApplicationKarthik Venkitraman Shankar0Jan Jezierski1Vaira Vignesh Ramalingam2Devaprasad Padmakumar3Midun Raj Leena4Amal5Gokul Reghunath6Rakesh Krishnan7Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam 690525, IndiaDepartment of Foundry Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Towarowa 7, 44-100 Gliwice, PolandDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam 690525, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam 690525, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam 690525, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam 690525, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kollam 690525, IndiaThe authors researched the physical, metallurgical, and mechanical characteristics of A354 alloy (Al-Si-Mg-Cu) reinforced with 5, 10, and 15 wt% of fly ash metal matrix composites. A baseline alloy and three composites were fabricated by a liquid metallurgy route and poured into a permanent mold to obtain cast rods of dimension Φ32 mm × 156 mm. The metallurgical characterization of the developed alloy and metal matrix composites was conducted using energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction. All the developed composites showed a pore-free nature, but only A354 alloy reinforced with 5 wt% of fly ash (AF<sub>5</sub>) possessed a homogeneous distribution and perfect bonding of the fly ash with the A354 matrix. Therefore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was performed on the sample AF<sub>5</sub>. All developed alloys and metal matrix composites were subjected to hardness and mechanical property tests. It was observed that the AF<sub>5</sub> sample had 170 ± 5.6 HV and tensile strength of 216 ± 2.3 MPa, 18.8% and 24.8% higher than the A354 matrix, but the ductility (6.5 ± 0.43%) was reduced by 23% from the baseline alloy. Finally, the fractography analysis was conducted on all the samples using FESEM to analyze the fracture mode. The fabricated 5 wt% fly ash-based metal matrix composite showed better mechanical performance than other samples. Hence, sample AF<sub>5</sub> is suggested for manufacturing components in automotive and structural parts.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/15/5462A354fly ashmetal matrix compositehardnessmechanical propertiesautomotive application |
| spellingShingle | Karthik Venkitraman Shankar Jan Jezierski Vaira Vignesh Ramalingam Devaprasad Padmakumar Midun Raj Leena Amal Gokul Reghunath Rakesh Krishnan Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head Application Materials A354 fly ash metal matrix composite hardness mechanical properties automotive application |
| title | Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head Application |
| title_full | Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head Application |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head Application |
| title_short | Investigating the Effect of Fly Ash Addition on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si-Mg-Cu Alloy for Engine Cylinder Head Application |
| title_sort | investigating the effect of fly ash addition on the metallurgical and mechanical behavior of al si mg cu alloy for engine cylinder head application |
| topic | A354 fly ash metal matrix composite hardness mechanical properties automotive application |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/15/5462 |
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