A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System
The circadian rhythm of the body temperature (CRBT) is a marker of the central biological clock that results from multiple complex biological processes. In mammals, including humans, the body temperature displays a strict circadian rhythm and has to be maintained within a narrow range to allow optim...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/1/65 |
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| author | Benjamin Coiffard Aïssatou Bailo Diallo Soraya Mezouar Marc Leone Jean-Louis Mege |
| author_facet | Benjamin Coiffard Aïssatou Bailo Diallo Soraya Mezouar Marc Leone Jean-Louis Mege |
| author_sort | Benjamin Coiffard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The circadian rhythm of the body temperature (CRBT) is a marker of the central biological clock that results from multiple complex biological processes. In mammals, including humans, the body temperature displays a strict circadian rhythm and has to be maintained within a narrow range to allow optimal physiological functions. There is nowadays growing evidence on the role of the temperature circadian rhythm on the expression of the molecular clock. The CRBT likely participates in the phase coordination of circadian timekeepers in peripheral tissues, thus guaranteeing the proper functioning of the immune system. The disruption of the CRBT, such as fever, has been repeatedly described in diseases and likely reflects a physiological process to activate the molecular clock and trigger the immune response. On the other hand, temperature circadian disruption has also been described as associated with disease severity and thus may mirror or contribute to immune dysfunction. The present review aims to characterize the potential implication of the temperature circadian rhythm on the immune response, from molecular pathways to diseases. The origin of CRBT and physiological changes in body temperature will be mentioned. We further review the immune biological effects of temperature rhythmicity in hosts, vectors, and pathogens. Finally, we discuss the relationship between circadian disruption of the body temperature and diseases and highlight the emerging evidence that CRBT monitoring would be an easy tool to predict outcomes and guide future studies in chronotherapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:28:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61065355d2f34aaf885cbbb1eb5dba6d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:28:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-61065355d2f34aaf885cbbb1eb5dba6d2023-12-03T13:37:37ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372021-01-011016510.3390/biology10010065A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune SystemBenjamin Coiffard0Aïssatou Bailo Diallo1Soraya Mezouar2Marc Leone3Jean-Louis Mege4Microbes Evolution Phylogénie et Infection, Institut Recherche et Développement, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, FranceMicrobes Evolution Phylogénie et Infection, Institut Recherche et Développement, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, FranceMicrobes Evolution Phylogénie et Infection, Institut Recherche et Développement, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, FranceMicrobes Evolution Phylogénie et Infection, Institut Recherche et Développement, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, FranceMicrobes Evolution Phylogénie et Infection, Institut Recherche et Développement, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, FranceThe circadian rhythm of the body temperature (CRBT) is a marker of the central biological clock that results from multiple complex biological processes. In mammals, including humans, the body temperature displays a strict circadian rhythm and has to be maintained within a narrow range to allow optimal physiological functions. There is nowadays growing evidence on the role of the temperature circadian rhythm on the expression of the molecular clock. The CRBT likely participates in the phase coordination of circadian timekeepers in peripheral tissues, thus guaranteeing the proper functioning of the immune system. The disruption of the CRBT, such as fever, has been repeatedly described in diseases and likely reflects a physiological process to activate the molecular clock and trigger the immune response. On the other hand, temperature circadian disruption has also been described as associated with disease severity and thus may mirror or contribute to immune dysfunction. The present review aims to characterize the potential implication of the temperature circadian rhythm on the immune response, from molecular pathways to diseases. The origin of CRBT and physiological changes in body temperature will be mentioned. We further review the immune biological effects of temperature rhythmicity in hosts, vectors, and pathogens. Finally, we discuss the relationship between circadian disruption of the body temperature and diseases and highlight the emerging evidence that CRBT monitoring would be an easy tool to predict outcomes and guide future studies in chronotherapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/1/65body temperaturecircadian rhythmchronobiology disordersimmunitydisease |
| spellingShingle | Benjamin Coiffard Aïssatou Bailo Diallo Soraya Mezouar Marc Leone Jean-Louis Mege A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System Biology body temperature circadian rhythm chronobiology disorders immunity disease |
| title | A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System |
| title_full | A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System |
| title_fullStr | A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System |
| title_short | A Tangled Threesome: Circadian Rhythm, Body Temperature Variations, and the Immune System |
| title_sort | tangled threesome circadian rhythm body temperature variations and the immune system |
| topic | body temperature circadian rhythm chronobiology disorders immunity disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/1/65 |
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