Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle

Abstract Mechanical stimulation has benefits for muscle mass and function. Passive stretching is widely performed in clinical rehabilitation medicine. However, the hypertrophic effects of passive repetitive stretching on senescent skeletal muscles against muscle atrophy remain unknown. We used senes...

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Main Authors: Yumin Wang, Satoshi Ikeda, Katsunori Ikoma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2021-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94709-0
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author Yumin Wang
Satoshi Ikeda
Katsunori Ikoma
author_facet Yumin Wang
Satoshi Ikeda
Katsunori Ikoma
author_sort Yumin Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Mechanical stimulation has benefits for muscle mass and function. Passive stretching is widely performed in clinical rehabilitation medicine. However, the hypertrophic effects of passive repetitive stretching on senescent skeletal muscles against muscle atrophy remain unknown. We used senescence-accelerated model SAM-P8 mice. The gastrocnemius muscle was passively repetitive stretched by manual ankle dorsiflexion for 15 min, 5 days a week for 2 weeks under deep anesthesia. We examined the effects of passive stretching on muscle mass, myofiber cross-sectional area, muscle fiber type composition, satellite cell and myonuclei content, signaling pathways involved in muscle protein synthesis, and myogenic regulatory factors. The gastrocnemius muscle weight and fiber cross-sectional area of the stretched side was found greater compared with that of the unstretched side. Passive repetitive stretching increased the mRNA expression level of Akt, p70S6K, 4E-BP1, Myf5, myogenin, MuRF1.The phosphorylation level of p70S6K significantly increased in the stretched muscles, whereas of Akt and 4E-BP1 remained unchanged, compared to the unstretched side. The Pax7+ cells and myonuclei content did not differ between the stretched and unstretched muscles. These findings suggest that the hypertrophic or suppressed atrophic observation in the stretched muscles are mainly attributable to the protein turnover provoked by stretching. These findings are applicable to clinical muscle strengthening and sarcopenia prevention.
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spelling doaj.art-611d4ca8244c43b39912db513ef2e68a2022-12-21T18:01:42ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-07-0111111210.1038/s41598-021-94709-0Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscleYumin Wang0Satoshi Ikeda1Katsunori Ikoma2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of MedicineDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University HospitalDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University HospitalAbstract Mechanical stimulation has benefits for muscle mass and function. Passive stretching is widely performed in clinical rehabilitation medicine. However, the hypertrophic effects of passive repetitive stretching on senescent skeletal muscles against muscle atrophy remain unknown. We used senescence-accelerated model SAM-P8 mice. The gastrocnemius muscle was passively repetitive stretched by manual ankle dorsiflexion for 15 min, 5 days a week for 2 weeks under deep anesthesia. We examined the effects of passive stretching on muscle mass, myofiber cross-sectional area, muscle fiber type composition, satellite cell and myonuclei content, signaling pathways involved in muscle protein synthesis, and myogenic regulatory factors. The gastrocnemius muscle weight and fiber cross-sectional area of the stretched side was found greater compared with that of the unstretched side. Passive repetitive stretching increased the mRNA expression level of Akt, p70S6K, 4E-BP1, Myf5, myogenin, MuRF1.The phosphorylation level of p70S6K significantly increased in the stretched muscles, whereas of Akt and 4E-BP1 remained unchanged, compared to the unstretched side. The Pax7+ cells and myonuclei content did not differ between the stretched and unstretched muscles. These findings suggest that the hypertrophic or suppressed atrophic observation in the stretched muscles are mainly attributable to the protein turnover provoked by stretching. These findings are applicable to clinical muscle strengthening and sarcopenia prevention.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94709-0
spellingShingle Yumin Wang
Satoshi Ikeda
Katsunori Ikoma
Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle
Scientific Reports
title Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle
title_full Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle
title_fullStr Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle
title_full_unstemmed Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle
title_short Passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross-sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle
title_sort passive repetitive stretching is associated with greater muscle mass and cross sectional area in the sarcopenic muscle
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94709-0
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AT katsunoriikoma passiverepetitivestretchingisassociatedwithgreatermusclemassandcrosssectionalareainthesarcopenicmuscle