An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction Material
Marble is currently a commonly used material in the building industry, and environmental degradation is an inevitable consequence of its use. Marble waste occurs during the exploitation of deposits using shooting technologies. The obtained elements most mainly often have an irregular geometry and sm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/3829 |
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| author | Muhammad Sufian Safi Ullah Krzysztof Adam Ostrowski Ayaz Ahmad Asad Zia Klaudia Śliwa-Wieczorek Muhammad Siddiq Arsam Ahmad Awan |
| author_facet | Muhammad Sufian Safi Ullah Krzysztof Adam Ostrowski Ayaz Ahmad Asad Zia Klaudia Śliwa-Wieczorek Muhammad Siddiq Arsam Ahmad Awan |
| author_sort | Muhammad Sufian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marble is currently a commonly used material in the building industry, and environmental degradation is an inevitable consequence of its use. Marble waste occurs during the exploitation of deposits using shooting technologies. The obtained elements most mainly often have an irregular geometry and small dimensions, which excludes their use in the stone industry. There is no systematic way of disposing of these massive mounds of waste, which results in the occurrence of landfills and environmental pollution. To mitigate this problem, an effort was made to incorporate waste marble powder into clay bricks. Different percentage proportions of marble powder were considered as a partial substitute for clay, i.e., 5–30%. A total of 105 samples were prepared in order to assess the performance of the prepared marble clay bricks, i.e., their water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity, salt resistance, and compressive strength. The obtained bricks were 1.3–19.9% lighter than conventional bricks. The bricks with the addition of 5–20% of marble powder had an adequate compressive strength with regards to the values required by international standards. Their compressive strength and bulk density decreased, while their water absorption capacity and porosity improved with an increased content of marble powder. The obtained empirical equations showed good agreement with the experimental results. The use of waste marble powder in the construction industry not only lowers project costs, but also reduces the likelihood of soil erosion and water contamination. This can be seen to be a crucial factor for economic growth in agricultural production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:33:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-612573c52ffb4977811267ee341ed741 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:33:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-612573c52ffb4977811267ee341ed7412023-11-22T04:15:24ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-07-011414382910.3390/ma14143829An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction MaterialMuhammad Sufian0Safi Ullah1Krzysztof Adam Ostrowski2Ayaz Ahmad3Asad Zia4Klaudia Śliwa-Wieczorek5Muhammad Siddiq6Arsam Ahmad Awan7School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaFaculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, PolandFaculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, PolandSchool of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaFaculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska Str., 31-155 Cracow, PolandSchool of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, ChinaMM Pakistan (Pvt) Limited, Lahore 54000, PakistanMarble is currently a commonly used material in the building industry, and environmental degradation is an inevitable consequence of its use. Marble waste occurs during the exploitation of deposits using shooting technologies. The obtained elements most mainly often have an irregular geometry and small dimensions, which excludes their use in the stone industry. There is no systematic way of disposing of these massive mounds of waste, which results in the occurrence of landfills and environmental pollution. To mitigate this problem, an effort was made to incorporate waste marble powder into clay bricks. Different percentage proportions of marble powder were considered as a partial substitute for clay, i.e., 5–30%. A total of 105 samples were prepared in order to assess the performance of the prepared marble clay bricks, i.e., their water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity, salt resistance, and compressive strength. The obtained bricks were 1.3–19.9% lighter than conventional bricks. The bricks with the addition of 5–20% of marble powder had an adequate compressive strength with regards to the values required by international standards. Their compressive strength and bulk density decreased, while their water absorption capacity and porosity improved with an increased content of marble powder. The obtained empirical equations showed good agreement with the experimental results. The use of waste marble powder in the construction industry not only lowers project costs, but also reduces the likelihood of soil erosion and water contamination. This can be seen to be a crucial factor for economic growth in agricultural production.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/3829marble wastebricksclaycompressive strengthmarble powdereco-friendly materials |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Sufian Safi Ullah Krzysztof Adam Ostrowski Ayaz Ahmad Asad Zia Klaudia Śliwa-Wieczorek Muhammad Siddiq Arsam Ahmad Awan An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction Material Materials marble waste bricks clay compressive strength marble powder eco-friendly materials |
| title | An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction Material |
| title_full | An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction Material |
| title_fullStr | An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction Material |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction Material |
| title_short | An Experimental and Empirical Study on the Use of Waste Marble Powder in Construction Material |
| title_sort | experimental and empirical study on the use of waste marble powder in construction material |
| topic | marble waste bricks clay compressive strength marble powder eco-friendly materials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/14/3829 |
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