A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups
Abstract Background The consumption of raw or undercooked meat, especially pork, and offal containing infective tissue cysts is suspected to be a significant route of infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Although the use of “animal-friendly pig production systems” ensuring direct contact with the natur...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-022-00623-4 |
| _version_ | 1818330307522199552 |
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| author | Martyna Puchalska Jan Wiśniewski Daniel Klich Elżbieta Gołąb Dawid Jańczak Justyna Sokołowska Kaja Urbańska Krzysztof Anusz |
| author_facet | Martyna Puchalska Jan Wiśniewski Daniel Klich Elżbieta Gołąb Dawid Jańczak Justyna Sokołowska Kaja Urbańska Krzysztof Anusz |
| author_sort | Martyna Puchalska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The consumption of raw or undercooked meat, especially pork, and offal containing infective tissue cysts is suspected to be a significant route of infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Although the use of “animal-friendly pig production systems” ensuring direct contact with the natural environment offers ethical benefits, it limits the ability to ensure animal health; it may also increase the probability of infections by pathogens such as T. gondii, and thus their entry into the food chain. This study determines the seroprevalence of T. gondii in pigs from different housing systems and farms with different hygiene standards in Poland, as well as among pigs of different age groups from farms with high hygiene standards. In total 760 pig serum samples were examined for the presence of specific antibodies using the PrioCHECK® Toxoplasma Ab porcine commercial ELISA test (Prionics, Switzerland). Results Test results with PP ≥ 20% were regarded as positive, as indicated by the manufacturer. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 193 of 760 (25.4%) tested sera. Regarding different housing systems, antibodies were found in 117 pigs: of these, 52.6% (61/116) were from organic farms, 40.9% (47/115) from farms with low hygiene standards, 5.4% (9/167) from farms with high hygiene standards and 0% (0/40) from a farm with a high level of biosecurity. Regarding age groups, antibodies were found in 76 animals on farms with high hygiene standards: 11.1% (7/63) were pigs younger than 3 months, 0% (0/60) aged 3–4 months, 12.3% (7/57) aged 5–6 months (final fattening stage) and 43.7% (62/142) were sows aged 9 months and older. Conclusions Antibodies to T. gondii were most often found in pigs from organic and low-hygiene farms, as well as in pigs aged 9 months and older. Meat derived from seropositive animals can pose a potential source of infection for humans. As maternal antibodies to T. gondii can be present in the blood of piglets aged up to 3–4 months, serological examination is unjustified in piglets up to this age. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:01:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-612b8bbec7294ea091ff95051c9aea52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-0147 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T13:01:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| spelling | doaj.art-612b8bbec7294ea091ff95051c9aea522022-12-21T23:44:57ZengBMCActa Veterinaria Scandinavica1751-01472022-02-0164111110.1186/s13028-022-00623-4A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groupsMartyna Puchalska0Jan Wiśniewski1Daniel Klich2Elżbieta Gołąb3Dawid Jańczak4Justyna Sokołowska5Kaja Urbańska6Krzysztof Anusz7Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGWDepartment of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGWDepartment of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGWDepartment of Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of HygieneDepartment of Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of HygieneDepartment of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGWDepartment of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGWDepartment of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGWAbstract Background The consumption of raw or undercooked meat, especially pork, and offal containing infective tissue cysts is suspected to be a significant route of infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Although the use of “animal-friendly pig production systems” ensuring direct contact with the natural environment offers ethical benefits, it limits the ability to ensure animal health; it may also increase the probability of infections by pathogens such as T. gondii, and thus their entry into the food chain. This study determines the seroprevalence of T. gondii in pigs from different housing systems and farms with different hygiene standards in Poland, as well as among pigs of different age groups from farms with high hygiene standards. In total 760 pig serum samples were examined for the presence of specific antibodies using the PrioCHECK® Toxoplasma Ab porcine commercial ELISA test (Prionics, Switzerland). Results Test results with PP ≥ 20% were regarded as positive, as indicated by the manufacturer. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 193 of 760 (25.4%) tested sera. Regarding different housing systems, antibodies were found in 117 pigs: of these, 52.6% (61/116) were from organic farms, 40.9% (47/115) from farms with low hygiene standards, 5.4% (9/167) from farms with high hygiene standards and 0% (0/40) from a farm with a high level of biosecurity. Regarding age groups, antibodies were found in 76 animals on farms with high hygiene standards: 11.1% (7/63) were pigs younger than 3 months, 0% (0/60) aged 3–4 months, 12.3% (7/57) aged 5–6 months (final fattening stage) and 43.7% (62/142) were sows aged 9 months and older. Conclusions Antibodies to T. gondii were most often found in pigs from organic and low-hygiene farms, as well as in pigs aged 9 months and older. Meat derived from seropositive animals can pose a potential source of infection for humans. As maternal antibodies to T. gondii can be present in the blood of piglets aged up to 3–4 months, serological examination is unjustified in piglets up to this age.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-022-00623-4ELISASeroprevalenceToxoplasmosis |
| spellingShingle | Martyna Puchalska Jan Wiśniewski Daniel Klich Elżbieta Gołąb Dawid Jańczak Justyna Sokołowska Kaja Urbańska Krzysztof Anusz A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica ELISA Seroprevalence Toxoplasmosis |
| title | A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups |
| title_full | A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups |
| title_fullStr | A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups |
| title_full_unstemmed | A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups |
| title_short | A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms, other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups |
| title_sort | serological survey of toxoplasma gondii in polish pigs from organic farms other housing systems and in pigs of different age groups |
| topic | ELISA Seroprevalence Toxoplasmosis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-022-00623-4 |
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