Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and Cultivation
Although tulips are famous worldwide as ornamental plants, the knowledge about the seed germination of wild-growing species remains limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of temperature on seed germination of the local, wild-growing Greek endemics <i>Tulipa bakeri&...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/7/1574 |
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| author | Stefanos Hatzilazarou Elias Pipinis Stefanos Kostas Rafaela Stagiopoulou Konstantina Gitsa Eleftherios Dariotis Manolis Avramakis Ioulietta Samartza Ioannis Plastiras Eleni Kriemadi Pepy Bareka Christos Lykas Georgios Tsoktouridis Nikos Krigas |
| author_facet | Stefanos Hatzilazarou Elias Pipinis Stefanos Kostas Rafaela Stagiopoulou Konstantina Gitsa Eleftherios Dariotis Manolis Avramakis Ioulietta Samartza Ioannis Plastiras Eleni Kriemadi Pepy Bareka Christos Lykas Georgios Tsoktouridis Nikos Krigas |
| author_sort | Stefanos Hatzilazarou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although tulips are famous worldwide as ornamental plants, the knowledge about the seed germination of wild-growing species remains limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of temperature on seed germination of the local, wild-growing Greek endemics <i>Tulipa bakeri</i> and <i>T. goulimyi</i> and the sub-Balkan endemic <i>T. undulatifolia</i>, which are threatened with extinction, as well as the Mediterranean <i>T. australis</i> and the Asiatic <i>T. clusiana</i> naturalized on Chios Island (Greece). The germination responses at five constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C) were assessed for all studied species in growth chambers under a 12:12 light–dark photoperiod. The ecological profile for each species was developed in R using open-source bioclimatic data; this was built to illustrate the abiotic environmental conditions of their wild habitats, to facilitate the examination of temperature effects on seed germination, and to facilitate their cultivation in artificial environments. The results indicated that the seed germination requirements of the studied species had a range-specific temperature dependence, reflecting their natural adaptation to local ecological conditions. Seed germination of <i>T. bakeri</i>, <i>T. australis</i>, and <i>T. clusiana</i> was observed only in a narrow range of very low temperatures (5–10 °C), whereas germination of <i>T. undulatifolia</i> and <i>T. goulimyi</i> occurred at temperatures between 5 and 15 °C. A temperature increase to 20 or 25 °C resulted in the absence of seed germination for all five Greek tulip species. The germinated seeds were planted in pots and bulblets were developed under greenhouse conditions. Seeds and bulblets constitute valuable genetic materials for the cultivation and ex situ conservation of these five Greek tulip species, three of which are threatened with extinction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:26:43Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:26:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-612ceac9b2e34085aefb330bf9bfbd522023-11-17T17:24:34ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-04-01127157410.3390/plants12071574Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and CultivationStefanos Hatzilazarou0Elias Pipinis1Stefanos Kostas2Rafaela Stagiopoulou3Konstantina Gitsa4Eleftherios Dariotis5Manolis Avramakis6Ioulietta Samartza7Ioannis Plastiras8Eleni Kriemadi9Pepy Bareka10Christos Lykas11Georgios Tsoktouridis12Nikos Krigas13Laboratory of Floriculture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Silviculture, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Floriculture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, GreeceLaboratory of Floriculture, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, GreeceNatural History Museum of Crete, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, GreeceThermokipia Athina, Metochi, 57500 Epanomi, GreeceLaboratory of Systematic Botany, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Systematic Botany, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, 38446 Magnesia, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, P.O. Box 60458, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, GreeceAlthough tulips are famous worldwide as ornamental plants, the knowledge about the seed germination of wild-growing species remains limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of temperature on seed germination of the local, wild-growing Greek endemics <i>Tulipa bakeri</i> and <i>T. goulimyi</i> and the sub-Balkan endemic <i>T. undulatifolia</i>, which are threatened with extinction, as well as the Mediterranean <i>T. australis</i> and the Asiatic <i>T. clusiana</i> naturalized on Chios Island (Greece). The germination responses at five constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C) were assessed for all studied species in growth chambers under a 12:12 light–dark photoperiod. The ecological profile for each species was developed in R using open-source bioclimatic data; this was built to illustrate the abiotic environmental conditions of their wild habitats, to facilitate the examination of temperature effects on seed germination, and to facilitate their cultivation in artificial environments. The results indicated that the seed germination requirements of the studied species had a range-specific temperature dependence, reflecting their natural adaptation to local ecological conditions. Seed germination of <i>T. bakeri</i>, <i>T. australis</i>, and <i>T. clusiana</i> was observed only in a narrow range of very low temperatures (5–10 °C), whereas germination of <i>T. undulatifolia</i> and <i>T. goulimyi</i> occurred at temperatures between 5 and 15 °C. A temperature increase to 20 or 25 °C resulted in the absence of seed germination for all five Greek tulip species. The germinated seeds were planted in pots and bulblets were developed under greenhouse conditions. Seeds and bulblets constitute valuable genetic materials for the cultivation and ex situ conservation of these five Greek tulip species, three of which are threatened with extinction.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/7/1574tulipsseed dormancyecological profilesbiodiversitybulbous plantsecological requirements |
| spellingShingle | Stefanos Hatzilazarou Elias Pipinis Stefanos Kostas Rafaela Stagiopoulou Konstantina Gitsa Eleftherios Dariotis Manolis Avramakis Ioulietta Samartza Ioannis Plastiras Eleni Kriemadi Pepy Bareka Christos Lykas Georgios Tsoktouridis Nikos Krigas Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and Cultivation Plants tulips seed dormancy ecological profiles biodiversity bulbous plants ecological requirements |
| title | Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and Cultivation |
| title_full | Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and Cultivation |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and Cultivation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and Cultivation |
| title_short | Influence of Temperature on Seed Germination of Five Wild-Growing Tulipa Species of Greece Associated with Their Ecological Profiles: Implications for Conservation and Cultivation |
| title_sort | influence of temperature on seed germination of five wild growing tulipa species of greece associated with their ecological profiles implications for conservation and cultivation |
| topic | tulips seed dormancy ecological profiles biodiversity bulbous plants ecological requirements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/7/1574 |
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