Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken
Molybdenum (Mo) is not only an important rare metal that is widely used in industrial production but also an essential trace element for plants and animals. Nevertheless, in Mo polluted areas, excess Mo intake will not only cause gout in humans but also cause diarrhea in livestock and growth inhibit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132031722X |
| _version_ | 1819047250693718016 |
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| author | Aimin Jiang Yong Zhang Di Wu Shuangqiu Li Ziyi Liu Zhengtao Yang Zhengkai Wei |
| author_facet | Aimin Jiang Yong Zhang Di Wu Shuangqiu Li Ziyi Liu Zhengtao Yang Zhengkai Wei |
| author_sort | Aimin Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Molybdenum (Mo) is not only an important rare metal that is widely used in industrial production but also an essential trace element for plants and animals. Nevertheless, in Mo polluted areas, excess Mo intake will not only cause gout in humans but also cause diarrhea in livestock and growth inhibition of chickens. Heterophils extracellular traps (HETs) are an important way to clear pathogens in the innate immune system of the chicken. However, the effects of Mo on the innate immune responses of HETs formation in chicken, and the mechanism undergoing this phenomenon remain unknown. In the study, we firstly aim to investigate the effects of sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) on chicken HETs formation in vitro, and further to explore its related metabolic requirements and molecular mechanisms. Chicken heterophils were cultured with Na2MoO4, and Na2MoO4-induced HETs structures were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Moreover, Na2MoO4-induced HETs were quantified by Quant-iT PicoGreen® dsDNA Assay kits and fluorescence microplate. It has been shown that Na2MoO4 truly triggered HETs-like structures that were composed of DNA decorated with citrullinated histone 3 (citH3) and elastase. The inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathway significantly reduced Na2MoO4-induced HETs formation. Further experiments on energy metabolism involving Na2MoO4-induced HETs formation showed that Na2MoO4-induced HETs release was relevant to glucose, and the inhibitors of glycolysis including 3PO, AZD23766 and 3-Bromopyuvic acid, the inhibitors of glucose transport including STF31 and Ritonavir and NSC23766 significantly decreased Na2MoO4-induced HETs formation. In summary, these results demonstrate that Mo does induce chicken HETs formation in vitro, and the formation of HETs is a process relying on glucose transport 1 (GLUT1)，glucose transport 4 (GLUT4), glycolysis, and ROS production depended on the activation of NADPH oxidase, ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways, which also reflects the early innate immune responses of chicken against excessive molybdenum intake. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:57:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61353bacb3c64e218c4a69e32757b73a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T10:57:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj.art-61353bacb3c64e218c4a69e32757b73a2022-12-21T19:06:28ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132021-03-01210111886Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chickenAimin Jiang0Yong Zhang1Di Wu2Shuangqiu Li3Ziyi Liu4Zhengtao Yang5Zhengkai Wei6College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, PR ChinaCollege of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong, PR China; Corresponding author.Molybdenum (Mo) is not only an important rare metal that is widely used in industrial production but also an essential trace element for plants and animals. Nevertheless, in Mo polluted areas, excess Mo intake will not only cause gout in humans but also cause diarrhea in livestock and growth inhibition of chickens. Heterophils extracellular traps (HETs) are an important way to clear pathogens in the innate immune system of the chicken. However, the effects of Mo on the innate immune responses of HETs formation in chicken, and the mechanism undergoing this phenomenon remain unknown. In the study, we firstly aim to investigate the effects of sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) on chicken HETs formation in vitro, and further to explore its related metabolic requirements and molecular mechanisms. Chicken heterophils were cultured with Na2MoO4, and Na2MoO4-induced HETs structures were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Moreover, Na2MoO4-induced HETs were quantified by Quant-iT PicoGreen® dsDNA Assay kits and fluorescence microplate. It has been shown that Na2MoO4 truly triggered HETs-like structures that were composed of DNA decorated with citrullinated histone 3 (citH3) and elastase. The inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathway significantly reduced Na2MoO4-induced HETs formation. Further experiments on energy metabolism involving Na2MoO4-induced HETs formation showed that Na2MoO4-induced HETs release was relevant to glucose, and the inhibitors of glycolysis including 3PO, AZD23766 and 3-Bromopyuvic acid, the inhibitors of glucose transport including STF31 and Ritonavir and NSC23766 significantly decreased Na2MoO4-induced HETs formation. In summary, these results demonstrate that Mo does induce chicken HETs formation in vitro, and the formation of HETs is a process relying on glucose transport 1 (GLUT1)，glucose transport 4 (GLUT4), glycolysis, and ROS production depended on the activation of NADPH oxidase, ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways, which also reflects the early innate immune responses of chicken against excessive molybdenum intake.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132031722XChickenSodium molybdateHeterophils extracellular trapsGlycolysisROS |
| spellingShingle | Aimin Jiang Yong Zhang Di Wu Shuangqiu Li Ziyi Liu Zhengtao Yang Zhengkai Wei Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Chicken Sodium molybdate Heterophils extracellular traps Glycolysis ROS |
| title | Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken |
| title_full | Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken |
| title_fullStr | Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken |
| title_short | Sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken |
| title_sort | sodium molybdate induces heterophil extracellular traps formation in chicken |
| topic | Chicken Sodium molybdate Heterophils extracellular traps Glycolysis ROS |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132031722X |
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