Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping review
Abstract Background Schistosomiasis affects over 250 million people worldwide. Despite children and the poor being key risk groups, limited research and control activities target pre-school aged children (PSAC) and hard-to-reach populations. As endemic countries shift the goals of their schistosomia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01088-x |
| _version_ | 1827961030640140288 |
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| author | Phyllis Munyiva Isaiah Marta Sólveig Palmeirim Peter Steinmann |
| author_facet | Phyllis Munyiva Isaiah Marta Sólveig Palmeirim Peter Steinmann |
| author_sort | Phyllis Munyiva Isaiah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Schistosomiasis affects over 250 million people worldwide. Despite children and the poor being key risk groups, limited research and control activities target pre-school aged children (PSAC) and hard-to-reach populations. As endemic countries shift the goals of their schistosomiasis programs from morbidity control to disease elimination, there is a need for inclusive planning to cover all affected age groups from all geographical areas and populations to achieve sustainable impact and health equity. Methods We conducted searches in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase (Ovid), and LILACS per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses—Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Quality assessment of identified articles was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool. Relevant study data were extracted from the articles and entered into Microsoft Excel 2016 for descriptive analysis. Results From the 17,179 screened articles, we identified 13 eligible studies on schistosomiasis in PSAC living in hard-to-reach areas and populations. All identified studies were from sub-Saharan Africa. The mean sample size of the retained studies was 572, with a balanced sex distribution among the young children sampled in each study. Ten studies investigated Schistosoma mansoni, one investigated Schistosoma haematobium, while two covered both S. mansoni and S. haematobium in the target population. The prevalence of S. mansoni among PSAC in the included studies was estimated at 12.9% in Ghana, 80.3–90.5% in Kenya, 35.0% in Madagascar, 9.6–78.0% in Senegal, 11.2–35.4% in Sierra Leone, 44.4–54.9% in Tanzania and 39.3–74.9% in Uganda. Out of the three studies that investigated S. haematobium, the presence of the infection was reported in only one study carried out in Nigeria. Schistosome infections reported in nearly all studies included in this review were of light intensity. Only one study conducted in Nigeria documented visible hematuria in 17.7% of the PSAC studied. Conclusions The findings document the high prevalence of schistosomiasis among PSAC in hard-to-reach populations and underscore the need to consider this population subgroup when designing the expansion of preventive chemotherapy and schistosomiasis control activities. Graphical Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:20:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6143d43333a24d8bbb72755799e74947 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-9957 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T16:20:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectious Diseases of Poverty |
| spelling | doaj.art-6143d43333a24d8bbb72755799e749472023-04-23T11:31:38ZengBMCInfectious Diseases of Poverty2049-99572023-04-0112111210.1186/s40249-023-01088-xEpidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping reviewPhyllis Munyiva Isaiah0Marta Sólveig Palmeirim1Peter Steinmann2Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteSwiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteSwiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteAbstract Background Schistosomiasis affects over 250 million people worldwide. Despite children and the poor being key risk groups, limited research and control activities target pre-school aged children (PSAC) and hard-to-reach populations. As endemic countries shift the goals of their schistosomiasis programs from morbidity control to disease elimination, there is a need for inclusive planning to cover all affected age groups from all geographical areas and populations to achieve sustainable impact and health equity. Methods We conducted searches in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase (Ovid), and LILACS per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses—Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Quality assessment of identified articles was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool. Relevant study data were extracted from the articles and entered into Microsoft Excel 2016 for descriptive analysis. Results From the 17,179 screened articles, we identified 13 eligible studies on schistosomiasis in PSAC living in hard-to-reach areas and populations. All identified studies were from sub-Saharan Africa. The mean sample size of the retained studies was 572, with a balanced sex distribution among the young children sampled in each study. Ten studies investigated Schistosoma mansoni, one investigated Schistosoma haematobium, while two covered both S. mansoni and S. haematobium in the target population. The prevalence of S. mansoni among PSAC in the included studies was estimated at 12.9% in Ghana, 80.3–90.5% in Kenya, 35.0% in Madagascar, 9.6–78.0% in Senegal, 11.2–35.4% in Sierra Leone, 44.4–54.9% in Tanzania and 39.3–74.9% in Uganda. Out of the three studies that investigated S. haematobium, the presence of the infection was reported in only one study carried out in Nigeria. Schistosome infections reported in nearly all studies included in this review were of light intensity. Only one study conducted in Nigeria documented visible hematuria in 17.7% of the PSAC studied. Conclusions The findings document the high prevalence of schistosomiasis among PSAC in hard-to-reach populations and underscore the need to consider this population subgroup when designing the expansion of preventive chemotherapy and schistosomiasis control activities. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01088-xSchistosomiasisPrevalenceEpidemiologyPre-school aged childrenPediatricHard-to-reach |
| spellingShingle | Phyllis Munyiva Isaiah Marta Sólveig Palmeirim Peter Steinmann Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping review Infectious Diseases of Poverty Schistosomiasis Prevalence Epidemiology Pre-school aged children Pediatric Hard-to-reach |
| title | Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping review |
| title_full | Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping review |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping review |
| title_short | Epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach areas and populations: a scoping review |
| title_sort | epidemiology of pediatric schistosomiasis in hard to reach areas and populations a scoping review |
| topic | Schistosomiasis Prevalence Epidemiology Pre-school aged children Pediatric Hard-to-reach |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-023-01088-x |
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