Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater
Abstract Water pollution is increasing due to urbanization and industrialization. Waste water pollution raised concern because of its influence on plants and humans. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is used for the removal of pollutants because of its phytoremediation efficiency. In this study,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Applied Water Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01472-8 |
| _version_ | 1830344238927183872 |
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| author | Neetu Singh Chandrajit Balomajumder |
| author_facet | Neetu Singh Chandrajit Balomajumder |
| author_sort | Neetu Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Water pollution is increasing due to urbanization and industrialization. Waste water pollution raised concern because of its influence on plants and humans. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is used for the removal of pollutants because of its phytoremediation efficiency. In this study, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) has been tested for simultaneous elimination of phenol and cyanide from mono and binary component aqueous solution in batch systems. The plant was grown at six concentrations of phenol and cyanide in the ratio of (10:1), i.e. 100:10, 200:20, 300:30, 500:50, 700:70 and 1000:100 mg/L in aqueous solution. The effect of process parameters such as initial concentration of phenol and cyanide and pH was evaluated. The plant was found capable of eliminating up to 96.42% of phenol (300 mg/L) and 92.66% of cyanide (30 mg/L) during the 13 days cultivation time at pH 8. The calculated K m of the root length elongation for phenol was 5.20 mm and the V max was 12.52 μg phenol/g root/h. However, the calculated K m of the root length elongation for cyanide was 0.39 mm and the V max was 14.99 μg cyanide/ g root/h. In the Eichhornia crassipes plant, the biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, protein and sugar content have been indicated a decreasing trend due to uptake of phenol and cyanide throughout cultivation. Toxicity to 100–1000 mg/L of phenol and 10–100 mg/L of cyanide was measured by measuring the relative transpiration over 13 days. At 100 mg/L of phenol and 10 mg/L of cyanide, only a small reduction in transpiration but no morphological changes were noticed. Both pollutants are absorbed through the root of the Eichhornia crassipes plant by plasmalemma and become accumulated into the root cells and stem of a plant. Thus, this study will be beneficial for the decontamination of highly polluted waste water. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:22:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-614652a3cb2e4f46873e3c08c5ce2a71 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-5487 2190-5495 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:22:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Water Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-614652a3cb2e4f46873e3c08c5ce2a712022-12-21T20:03:35ZengSpringerOpenApplied Water Science2190-54872190-54952021-07-0111811510.1007/s13201-021-01472-8Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewaterNeetu Singh0Chandrajit Balomajumder1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of TechnologyAbstract Water pollution is increasing due to urbanization and industrialization. Waste water pollution raised concern because of its influence on plants and humans. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is used for the removal of pollutants because of its phytoremediation efficiency. In this study, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) has been tested for simultaneous elimination of phenol and cyanide from mono and binary component aqueous solution in batch systems. The plant was grown at six concentrations of phenol and cyanide in the ratio of (10:1), i.e. 100:10, 200:20, 300:30, 500:50, 700:70 and 1000:100 mg/L in aqueous solution. The effect of process parameters such as initial concentration of phenol and cyanide and pH was evaluated. The plant was found capable of eliminating up to 96.42% of phenol (300 mg/L) and 92.66% of cyanide (30 mg/L) during the 13 days cultivation time at pH 8. The calculated K m of the root length elongation for phenol was 5.20 mm and the V max was 12.52 μg phenol/g root/h. However, the calculated K m of the root length elongation for cyanide was 0.39 mm and the V max was 14.99 μg cyanide/ g root/h. In the Eichhornia crassipes plant, the biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, protein and sugar content have been indicated a decreasing trend due to uptake of phenol and cyanide throughout cultivation. Toxicity to 100–1000 mg/L of phenol and 10–100 mg/L of cyanide was measured by measuring the relative transpiration over 13 days. At 100 mg/L of phenol and 10 mg/L of cyanide, only a small reduction in transpiration but no morphological changes were noticed. Both pollutants are absorbed through the root of the Eichhornia crassipes plant by plasmalemma and become accumulated into the root cells and stem of a plant. Thus, this study will be beneficial for the decontamination of highly polluted waste water.https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01472-8AccumulationCyanideEichhornia crassipesNormalized relative transpirationPhenolPhytoremediation |
| spellingShingle | Neetu Singh Chandrajit Balomajumder Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater Applied Water Science Accumulation Cyanide Eichhornia crassipes Normalized relative transpiration Phenol Phytoremediation |
| title | Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater |
| title_full | Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater |
| title_short | Phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic/simulated wastewater |
| title_sort | phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes for phenol and cyanide elimination from synthetic simulated wastewater |
| topic | Accumulation Cyanide Eichhornia crassipes Normalized relative transpiration Phenol Phytoremediation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01472-8 |
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