Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Abstract Background Stroke is a crucial health threat to adults worldwide. Despite extensive knowledge of risk-factor mitigation, no primary prevention exists for healthy people. Coffee is a widely consumed beverage globally. Health benefit of coffee for several neurological diseases has been identi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02411-5 |
| _version_ | 1819242583918903296 |
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| author | Lung Chan Chien-Tai Hong Chyi-Huey Bai |
| author_facet | Lung Chan Chien-Tai Hong Chyi-Huey Bai |
| author_sort | Lung Chan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Stroke is a crucial health threat to adults worldwide. Despite extensive knowledge of risk-factor mitigation, no primary prevention exists for healthy people. Coffee is a widely consumed beverage globally. Health benefit of coffee for several neurological diseases has been identified; however, the association between stroke risk and coffee consumption in healthy people has not been determined. We investigated the effect of coffee on stroke risk by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods Electronic databases, namely PubMed, BioMed Central, Medline, and Google Scholar, were searched using terms related to stroke and coffee. Articles that described clear diagnostic criteria for stroke and details on coffee consumption were included. The reference lists of relevant articles were reviewed to identify eligible studies not shortlisted using these terms. Enrolled studies were grouped into three outcome categories: overall stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke. Results Seven studies were included and all of them were large-scale, long-term, follow-up cohort studies of a healthy population. Upon comparing the least-coffee-consuming groups from each study, the meta-analysis revealed a reduction in the risk of overall stroke during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] for overall stroke = 0.922, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.855–0.994, P = 0.035). In studies with a clear definition of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, coffee consumption reduced the risk of ischemic stroke more robustly than that of hemorrhagic stroke (hemorrhagic, HR = 0.895, 95% CI = 0.824–0.972, P = .008; ischemic, HR = 0.834, 95% CI = 0.739–0.876, P < .001). No obvious dose-dependent or U-shaped effect was observed. Conclusions Coffee consumption reduces the risk of overall stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Further investigation is required to identify beneficial components in coffee, including caffeine and phenolic acids, to develop preventive medication for stroke. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:42:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-614ca565754f492295068c474ce68fad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2377 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:42:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-614ca565754f492295068c474ce68fad2022-12-21T17:43:10ZengBMCBMC Neurology1471-23772021-10-012111910.1186/s12883-021-02411-5Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studiesLung Chan0Chien-Tai Hong1Chyi-Huey Bai2Department of Neurology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversitySchool of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical UniversityAbstract Background Stroke is a crucial health threat to adults worldwide. Despite extensive knowledge of risk-factor mitigation, no primary prevention exists for healthy people. Coffee is a widely consumed beverage globally. Health benefit of coffee for several neurological diseases has been identified; however, the association between stroke risk and coffee consumption in healthy people has not been determined. We investigated the effect of coffee on stroke risk by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods Electronic databases, namely PubMed, BioMed Central, Medline, and Google Scholar, were searched using terms related to stroke and coffee. Articles that described clear diagnostic criteria for stroke and details on coffee consumption were included. The reference lists of relevant articles were reviewed to identify eligible studies not shortlisted using these terms. Enrolled studies were grouped into three outcome categories: overall stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and ischemic stroke. Results Seven studies were included and all of them were large-scale, long-term, follow-up cohort studies of a healthy population. Upon comparing the least-coffee-consuming groups from each study, the meta-analysis revealed a reduction in the risk of overall stroke during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] for overall stroke = 0.922, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.855–0.994, P = 0.035). In studies with a clear definition of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, coffee consumption reduced the risk of ischemic stroke more robustly than that of hemorrhagic stroke (hemorrhagic, HR = 0.895, 95% CI = 0.824–0.972, P = .008; ischemic, HR = 0.834, 95% CI = 0.739–0.876, P < .001). No obvious dose-dependent or U-shaped effect was observed. Conclusions Coffee consumption reduces the risk of overall stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Further investigation is required to identify beneficial components in coffee, including caffeine and phenolic acids, to develop preventive medication for stroke.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02411-5Cerebrovascular diseaseCoffeemeta-analysisCohortStroke |
| spellingShingle | Lung Chan Chien-Tai Hong Chyi-Huey Bai Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies BMC Neurology Cerebrovascular disease Coffee meta-analysis Cohort Stroke |
| title | Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies |
| title_full | Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies |
| title_fullStr | Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies |
| title_short | Coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies |
| title_sort | coffee consumption and the risk of cerebrovascular disease a meta analysis of prospective cohort studies |
| topic | Cerebrovascular disease Coffee meta-analysis Cohort Stroke |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02411-5 |
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