| Summary: | Aim. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships of HIV isolates obtained from a child 8 years old and HIV-positive parents to search for a possible source of infection.Materials and methods. The blood plasma samples of 3 patients (father, mother and child) HIV from Veliky Novgorod were used. Presented in a group of patients were directed to conduct epidemiological investigation cases of HIV-1 infection a child from a dysfunctional family. In the present study we used genotyping by direct sequencing of the site of the polymerase gene (pol) length of 1285 nt., The gene encoding the protease (PR) length of 465 nt. and a portion of the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene length of 820 nt.Results. The study allowed the identification of the HIV virus in clinical samples. HIV-1 subtype A1 (IDU-A) was detected in all cases. Phylogenetic analysis of isolates, where the control samples using HIV-1 isolates obtained previously from Veliky Novgorod, possible to identify grouped in a separate cluster sample from the mother, father and child, which makes it possible to conclude about intrafamily HIV infected child by one of his parents. The nucleotide identity of the samples obtained from the mother and the child, showed a higher percentage of similarity – 98.4%, compared with the identity of the samples between the father and the mother and between father and child (96.2% and 94.2%, respectively). Differences natural polymorphisms in protease and reverse transcriptase genes of the parents and the child are discussed. Conclusion. The analysis of phylogenetic relationships of HIV isolates showed that the source of infection of the child 8 years old, born and living in socially disadvantaged families with HIV-positive parents, is his mother. Way parenteral transmission of infection by random simultaneous trauma in the mother and child.Molecular phylogenetic analysis using routine methods for determining the resistance of HIV to antiretroviral drugs allows to investigate cases of HIV infection, identifying the source of infection.
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