Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite
This paper is describing a careful study on content and distribution of rare elements in the fluid and solid phases involved in dry and classified aluminum hydroxide production through Bayer process at Alum SA, Tulcea, Romania. The source of rare elements in Bayer process is the bauxite from Sierra...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Estfalia
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.rjeec.ro/Read/153?id=Lanthanides%20as%20impurities%20in%20the%20Bayer%20production%20cycle%20of%20the%20aluminum%20hydroxide%20%0D%0Afrom%20Sierra%20Leone%20bauxite |
| _version_ | 1797519346523701248 |
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| author | Lidia Kim Gheorghe Dobra Raluca Isopescu Sorin Iliev Lucian Cotet Alina Boiangiu Gina Alina Catrina Laurentiu Filipescu |
| author_facet | Lidia Kim Gheorghe Dobra Raluca Isopescu Sorin Iliev Lucian Cotet Alina Boiangiu Gina Alina Catrina Laurentiu Filipescu |
| author_sort | Lidia Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper is describing a careful study on content and distribution of rare elements in the fluid and solid phases involved in dry and classified aluminum hydroxide production through Bayer process at Alum SA, Tulcea, Romania. The source of rare elements in Bayer process is the bauxite from Sierra Leone, a particular type of aluminous goethite-lateritic bauxite, not fully studied yet. Rare earths elements are fairly abundant in the nature, but their distribution is very large, encompassing hundreds of types of minerals where rare element appears as minor crystalline and amorphous compounds, solid solutions, or as ions adsorbed on the surface of common natural rocks. This study data show that Sierra Leone bauxite has only a small content in rare elements. Mainly, only the scandium and cerium concentrations (44.84 mg/kg and 11.49 mg/kg in bauxite residue) may reach the expected values required for eventually valorization. On the Bayer cycle, the rare metals enter with bauxite and concentrate in bauxite residues. Solubility of the rare element compounds in the Bayer process fluid phases is close to zero. In the final product, the aluminum hydroxide dried, milled and classified grades, the rare metals appear only as occlusion contaminants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:41:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-61621439098f4e1e9b1b7f2c7fd4acb6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2668-5418 2668-8530 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:41:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Estfalia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-61621439098f4e1e9b1b7f2c7fd4acb62023-11-22T12:59:48ZengEstfaliaRomanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry2668-54182668-85302022-06-01414558https://doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2022.105Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxiteLidia Kim0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4252-6302Gheorghe Dobra1Raluca Isopescu2Sorin Iliev3Lucian Cotet4Alina Boiangiu5Gina Alina Catrina6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1205-065XLaurentiu Filipescu7National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDAlro SA SlatinaPolitehnica University of BucharestAlum SA TulceaAlum SA TulceaAlum SA TulceaNational Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology ECOINDPolitehnica University of BucharestThis paper is describing a careful study on content and distribution of rare elements in the fluid and solid phases involved in dry and classified aluminum hydroxide production through Bayer process at Alum SA, Tulcea, Romania. The source of rare elements in Bayer process is the bauxite from Sierra Leone, a particular type of aluminous goethite-lateritic bauxite, not fully studied yet. Rare earths elements are fairly abundant in the nature, but their distribution is very large, encompassing hundreds of types of minerals where rare element appears as minor crystalline and amorphous compounds, solid solutions, or as ions adsorbed on the surface of common natural rocks. This study data show that Sierra Leone bauxite has only a small content in rare elements. Mainly, only the scandium and cerium concentrations (44.84 mg/kg and 11.49 mg/kg in bauxite residue) may reach the expected values required for eventually valorization. On the Bayer cycle, the rare metals enter with bauxite and concentrate in bauxite residues. Solubility of the rare element compounds in the Bayer process fluid phases is close to zero. In the final product, the aluminum hydroxide dried, milled and classified grades, the rare metals appear only as occlusion contaminants.http://www.rjeec.ro/Read/153?id=Lanthanides%20as%20impurities%20in%20the%20Bayer%20production%20cycle%20of%20the%20aluminum%20hydroxide%20%0D%0Afrom%20Sierra%20Leone%20bauxitealuminum hydroxidelanthanidesbauxitebauxite residuebayer process |
| spellingShingle | Lidia Kim Gheorghe Dobra Raluca Isopescu Sorin Iliev Lucian Cotet Alina Boiangiu Gina Alina Catrina Laurentiu Filipescu Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry aluminum hydroxide lanthanides bauxite bauxite residue bayer process |
| title | Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite |
| title_full | Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite |
| title_fullStr | Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite |
| title_short | Lanthanides as impurities in the Bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from Sierra Leone bauxite |
| title_sort | lanthanides as impurities in the bayer production cycle of the aluminum hydroxide from sierra leone bauxite |
| topic | aluminum hydroxide lanthanides bauxite bauxite residue bayer process |
| url | http://www.rjeec.ro/Read/153?id=Lanthanides%20as%20impurities%20in%20the%20Bayer%20production%20cycle%20of%20the%20aluminum%20hydroxide%20%0D%0Afrom%20Sierra%20Leone%20bauxite |
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