The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular Biomarkers
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and illness in Europe and worldwide, responsible for a staggering 47% of deaths in Europe. Over the past few years, there has been increasing evidence pointing to bioactive sphingolipids as drivers of CVDs. Among them, most studies place...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/1/168 |
| _version_ | 1797445400153554944 |
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| author | Paola Di Pietro Carmine Izzo Angela Carmelita Abate Paola Iesu Maria Rosaria Rusciano Eleonora Venturini Valeria Visco Eduardo Sommella Michele Ciccarelli Albino Carrizzo Carmine Vecchione |
| author_facet | Paola Di Pietro Carmine Izzo Angela Carmelita Abate Paola Iesu Maria Rosaria Rusciano Eleonora Venturini Valeria Visco Eduardo Sommella Michele Ciccarelli Albino Carrizzo Carmine Vecchione |
| author_sort | Paola Di Pietro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and illness in Europe and worldwide, responsible for a staggering 47% of deaths in Europe. Over the past few years, there has been increasing evidence pointing to bioactive sphingolipids as drivers of CVDs. Among them, most studies place emphasis on the cardiovascular effect of ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), reporting correlation between their aberrant expression and CVD risk factors. In experimental in vivo models, pharmacological inhibition of de novo ceramide synthesis averts the development of diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. In humans, levels of circulating sphingolipids have been suggested as prognostic indicators for a broad spectrum of diseases. This article provides a comprehensive review of sphingolipids’ contribution to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and metabolic diseases, focusing on the latest experimental and clinical findings. Cumulatively, these studies indicate that monitoring sphingolipid level alterations could allow for better assessment of cardiovascular disease progression and/or severity, and also suggest them as a potential target for future therapeutic intervention. Some approaches may include the down-regulation of specific sphingolipid species levels in the circulation, by inhibiting critical enzymes that catalyze ceramide metabolism, such as ceramidases, sphingomyelinases and sphingosine kinases. Therefore, manipulation of the sphingolipid pathway may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:26:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-6166a51aaa264b568365f49e34f1f677 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:26:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-6166a51aaa264b568365f49e34f1f6772023-11-30T21:23:43ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2023-01-0113116810.3390/biom13010168The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular BiomarkersPaola Di Pietro0Carmine Izzo1Angela Carmelita Abate2Paola Iesu3Maria Rosaria Rusciano4Eleonora Venturini5Valeria Visco6Eduardo Sommella7Michele Ciccarelli8Albino Carrizzo9Carmine Vecchione10Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyVascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, ItalyCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and illness in Europe and worldwide, responsible for a staggering 47% of deaths in Europe. Over the past few years, there has been increasing evidence pointing to bioactive sphingolipids as drivers of CVDs. Among them, most studies place emphasis on the cardiovascular effect of ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), reporting correlation between their aberrant expression and CVD risk factors. In experimental in vivo models, pharmacological inhibition of de novo ceramide synthesis averts the development of diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. In humans, levels of circulating sphingolipids have been suggested as prognostic indicators for a broad spectrum of diseases. This article provides a comprehensive review of sphingolipids’ contribution to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and metabolic diseases, focusing on the latest experimental and clinical findings. Cumulatively, these studies indicate that monitoring sphingolipid level alterations could allow for better assessment of cardiovascular disease progression and/or severity, and also suggest them as a potential target for future therapeutic intervention. Some approaches may include the down-regulation of specific sphingolipid species levels in the circulation, by inhibiting critical enzymes that catalyze ceramide metabolism, such as ceramidases, sphingomyelinases and sphingosine kinases. Therefore, manipulation of the sphingolipid pathway may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/1/168sphingolipidscardiovascular diseasescerebrovascular diseasesceramidessphingosine-1-phosphate |
| spellingShingle | Paola Di Pietro Carmine Izzo Angela Carmelita Abate Paola Iesu Maria Rosaria Rusciano Eleonora Venturini Valeria Visco Eduardo Sommella Michele Ciccarelli Albino Carrizzo Carmine Vecchione The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular Biomarkers Biomolecules sphingolipids cardiovascular diseases cerebrovascular diseases ceramides sphingosine-1-phosphate |
| title | The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular Biomarkers |
| title_full | The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular Biomarkers |
| title_fullStr | The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular Biomarkers |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular Biomarkers |
| title_short | The Dark Side of Sphingolipids: Searching for Potential Cardiovascular Biomarkers |
| title_sort | dark side of sphingolipids searching for potential cardiovascular biomarkers |
| topic | sphingolipids cardiovascular diseases cerebrovascular diseases ceramides sphingosine-1-phosphate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/1/168 |
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