A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60
ABSTRACT Body mass is known to affect muscle strength and the outcome of some functional tests, so that heavier and taller people will be stronger than lighter and smaller ones. Ratio standard (RS) has been widely used to remove the body mass effect, despite long date criticism due to its inadequacy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universidade Estadual de Maringá
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Physical Education |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2448-24552023000100219&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1797386372047175680 |
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| author | Wladymir Külkamp Jairo Júnior Guilherme Freccia Joana Muller Kléber Santos Lorival Carminatti |
| author_facet | Wladymir Külkamp Jairo Júnior Guilherme Freccia Joana Muller Kléber Santos Lorival Carminatti |
| author_sort | Wladymir Külkamp |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Body mass is known to affect muscle strength and the outcome of some functional tests, so that heavier and taller people will be stronger than lighter and smaller ones. Ratio standard (RS) has been widely used to remove the body mass effect, despite long date criticism due to its inadequacy. Allometry (ALLO), in turn, has been applied as an efficient method for normalizing muscular strength. As the bench press (BP) is a well-recognized strength and conditioning exercise for older adults, the aim of the present study was to verify the influence of body mass on the performance assessment of a group of older men in the BP, by comparing the absolute, RS and ALLO approaches. Sixteen healthy old men (65.5±5.13 years old; 75.42±9.78Kg; 1.73±5.98m; 25.11±2.71 kg/m2; 24.76±4.10 %fat) volunteered to participate in the study. Maximum dynamic load was verified by individual one-repetition maximum (1-RM) tests. Comparisons of means revealed that significant 1-RM difference between lighter (54.9±8.85Kg) and heavier (66.2±8.86Kg) participants was identified only in absolute approach (p<0.05; ES=0.57). RS failed in completely remove the body mass effect, allowing correlation between normalized muscular strength and BM (r=0.23), in contraire of ALLO (r=0.03 and 0.06). Kendall's concordance coefficient revealed an absolute lack of agreement between approaches when compared their respective ordinal classifications (kw=0.003; p>0.05). In line with previous research, ALLO has shown to be the only suitable method to remove adequately the body mass effect and to provide appropriated performance scores for the older men evaluated in this study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:08:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-618ab05aadea4829aefc5c8368853e26 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2448-2455 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:08:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Universidade Estadual de Maringá |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Physical Education |
| spelling | doaj.art-618ab05aadea4829aefc5c8368853e262023-12-19T07:47:26ZengUniversidade Estadual de MaringáJournal of Physical Education2448-24552023-12-013410.4025/jphyseduc.v34i1.3424A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60Wladymir Külkamphttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4113-5791Jairo JúniorGuilherme Frecciahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7393-9751Joana Mullerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6535-5115Kléber Santoshttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-7143-464XLorival Carminattihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5893-109XABSTRACT Body mass is known to affect muscle strength and the outcome of some functional tests, so that heavier and taller people will be stronger than lighter and smaller ones. Ratio standard (RS) has been widely used to remove the body mass effect, despite long date criticism due to its inadequacy. Allometry (ALLO), in turn, has been applied as an efficient method for normalizing muscular strength. As the bench press (BP) is a well-recognized strength and conditioning exercise for older adults, the aim of the present study was to verify the influence of body mass on the performance assessment of a group of older men in the BP, by comparing the absolute, RS and ALLO approaches. Sixteen healthy old men (65.5±5.13 years old; 75.42±9.78Kg; 1.73±5.98m; 25.11±2.71 kg/m2; 24.76±4.10 %fat) volunteered to participate in the study. Maximum dynamic load was verified by individual one-repetition maximum (1-RM) tests. Comparisons of means revealed that significant 1-RM difference between lighter (54.9±8.85Kg) and heavier (66.2±8.86Kg) participants was identified only in absolute approach (p<0.05; ES=0.57). RS failed in completely remove the body mass effect, allowing correlation between normalized muscular strength and BM (r=0.23), in contraire of ALLO (r=0.03 and 0.06). Kendall's concordance coefficient revealed an absolute lack of agreement between approaches when compared their respective ordinal classifications (kw=0.003; p>0.05). In line with previous research, ALLO has shown to be the only suitable method to remove adequately the body mass effect and to provide appropriated performance scores for the older men evaluated in this study.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2448-24552023000100219&tlng=enAllometryRatio StandardScalingMuscle StrengthBench Press |
| spellingShingle | Wladymir Külkamp Jairo Júnior Guilherme Freccia Joana Muller Kléber Santos Lorival Carminatti A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60 Journal of Physical Education Allometry Ratio Standard Scaling Muscle Strength Bench Press |
| title | A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60 |
| title_full | A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60 |
| title_fullStr | A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60 |
| title_full_unstemmed | A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60 |
| title_short | A COMPARISON OF ABSOLUTE, RATIO STANDARD AND ALLOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR BENCH PRESS PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT IN MEN OVER 60 |
| title_sort | comparison of absolute ratio standard and allometric approaches for bench press performance assessment in men over 60 |
| topic | Allometry Ratio Standard Scaling Muscle Strength Bench Press |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2448-24552023000100219&tlng=en |
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